The history of initial teacher education in Canada: Québec and Ontario

Elizabeth Smyth; Thérère Hamel

doi:10.25053/edufor.v1i1.1606

Autores/as

Elizabeth Smyth University of Toronto
Thérère Hamel Université Laval

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.25053/edufor.v1i1.1606

Palabras clave:

Teacher training, Educational policy, Canada

Resumen

This article traces the history of teacher education in Canada from the seventeenth century to the present by focusing on teacher education in the English-language dominant province of Ontario and the French-language dominant province of Québec. Because of the decentralized nature of education in Canada, it is at the provincial, not at the national level, where policies and practices for teacher education are developed and delivered. Like the history of Canada itself, the history of teacher education is marked by conflicts of gender, religion, power, class, race, language and ethnicity as teacher education struggled to claim a space itself in the academy and exercise its authority within the ivory tower. The article considers how the historical struggles and successes can both inform and cause us to critically reflect our current practice.

Descargas

Los datos de descargas todavía no están disponibles.

Citas

A GOOD thing for the Hamilton. The Hamilton Spectator, 14 August 1985. n.p.

ANGUS, J. T. A new direction in teacher education in Ontario. Address, Teacher Education section of the Ontario Education Association, 1970.

ARCHIBALD, J. Indigenous storywork: educating the heart, mind, body and spirit. Vancouver, BC: UBC, 2008.

ASSOCIATION OF CANADIAN DEANS OF EDUCATION (ACDE). Accords. Retrieved from: <http://www.csse-scee.ca/acde/accords>. 2014.

AUBIN, P. (Ed.). 300 ans de manuels scolaires au Québec. Montréal, QC: Bibliotheque et Archives nationales du Québec; Québec, QC: Université Laval, 2006.

BARMAN, J. H.; MCCASKILL, D. Indian education in Canada: volume 2: The challenges. Vancouver, BC: UBC, 1987.

BATTISTE, M. Indigenous knowledge and pedagogy in First Nations education: A literature review with recommendations. Paper prepared for the National Working Group on Education Available and the Minister of Indian and Northern Affairs. Retrieved from: <http://www.afn.ca/

uploads/files/education/24._2002_oct_marie_battiste_indigenousknowledgeandpedagogy_lit_review_for_min_working_group.pdf>. 2002.

BELL, D. Sharing our success: ten case studies in Aboriginal schooling. Kelowna, BC: Society for the Advancement of Excellence in Education (SAFE), 2004.

COMMISSION royale d'enquête sur l'enseignement dans la province de Québec. Rapport de la Commission royale d'enquête sur l'enseignement dans la province de Québec (Vols. 1-5). Québec, QC: du Québec, 1963.

CURTIS, B. Ruling by schooling Québec: conquest to liberal governmentality – a historical sociology. Toronto, ON: University of Toronto, 2012. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3138/9781442686687

DRUMMOND, A. Gender, profession, and principals: The teachers of Québec Protestant academies, 1875-1900. Revue d’histoire de l’éducation/Historical Studies in Education, v. 2, n. 1, p. 59-71, 1990. DOI: https://doi.org/10.32316/hse/rhe.v2i1.1032

DUFOUR, A. Les maîtresses d’écoles indépendantes: Une contribution essentielle à l’éducation de la jeunesse montréalaise du premier tiers du XIX siècle. In: TARDY, E. (Ed.). Les bâtisseuses de la cité: actes du colloque les bâtisseuses de la cité dans le cadre de la section d’études féministes du congress de l’ACFAS 1992. Montréal, QC: Université de Montréal, 1993. p. 124-139.

DUFOUR, A. Les institutrices du Bas-Canada: incompetentes et inexperimentées? Revue d’histoire de l’Amérique française, v. 51, n. 4, p. 521-548, 1998. DOI: https://doi.org/10.7202/005404ar

DUFOUR, A. Les premières enseignantes laïques de Québec: le cas de Montréal, 1825-35. Histoire de l’education, Paris, v. 198, p. 3-32, 2006. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4000/histoire-education.1326

DYDE, S. W. Should there be a faculty of education in the university? Queen’s Quarterly, v. 12, p. 177, 1904.

ERRINGTON, E. J. Wives and mothers, school mistresses and scullery maids. Working women in Upper Canada, 1790-1840. Montréal, QC: McGill-Queen's, 1995. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/9780773565449

FALKENBERG, T. (Ed.). Handbook of Canadian research in initial teacher education. Ottawa, ON: Canadian Association for Teacher Education: 2015.

FLEMING, W. G. Ontario’s educative society: Supporting institutions and services. Toronto, ON: University of Toronto, 1971. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3138/9781487595333

GALARNEAU, C. Les collèges classiques au Canada-francais (1620-1970). Montréal, QC: Fides, 1978. DOI: https://doi.org/10.7202/1016238ar

GALARNEAU, C. Les écoles privées à Québec, 1760-1859. Cahiers des dix, v. 45, p. 95-113, 1990. DOI: https://doi.org/10.7202/1015570ar

GIDNEY, R. From Hope to Harris. Toronto, ON: University of Toronto, 1999. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3138/9781442675087

GIDNEY, R. D.; MILLAR, W. P. J. How schools worked: Public school in English Canada, 1900-1940. Montréal, QC: McGill-Queen’s University, 2012. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/9780773587304

HAMEL, T. Le déracinement des écoles normales: le transfert de la formation des maîtres à l’université. Québec, QC: IQRC, 1991.

HAMEL, T. Les religieuses enseignantes auraient-elles fait la Révolution tranquille si on leur en avait laissé le temps? In: TARDY, E. (Ed.). Les bâtisseuses de la cité: actes du colloque les bâtisseuses de la cité dans le cadre de la section d’études féministes du congress de l’ACFAS 1992. Montréal, QC: Université de Montréal, 1993. p. 149-166.

HAMEL, T. Un siècle de formation des maîtres au Québec, 1836-1939. Montréal, QC: HMH, 1995.

KITCHEN, J.; PETRARCA, D. Teacher preparation in Ontario: A history. Teaching and Learning, v. 8, n. 1, p. 56-71, 2013. DOI: https://doi.org/10.26522/tl.v8i1.426

LEBRUN, M. (Ed.). Le manuel scolaire: D’ici et d’ailleurs, d’hier à demain. Québec, QC: Université du Québec, 2007. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv18phbps

MACLEOD, C.R. (Chair). Report of the Minister’s Committee on the Training of Elementary School Teachers. (The Mcleod Report) Toronto, ON: Ontario Department of Education, 1966.

MCCARTHY, R. From Teachers’ Colleges to Faculties of Education. In: REES, W. (Ed.). Teacher education: a search for new relationships. Toronto, ON: Ontario Institute for Studies in Education, 1970. p. 3-11.

ONTARIO DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION. Calendar of Teachers’ Colleges, 1968.

ONTARIO LEGISLATIVE ASSEMBLY. Debates and Proceedings, 200ge. 1966, March 28.

ONTARIO MINISTRY OF EDUCATION. For the love of learning: Royal Commission on Learning. Retrieved from: <https://www.edu.gov.on.ca/eng/general/abcs/rcom/full/volume3/sectionb.pdf>. 1995.

SENATE OF LAKEHEAD UNIVERSITY. Senate minutes (Meeting 3S) [Proposed agreement between the Minister of Education and Lakehead University, regarding the matter of Teacher Education]. 1969, March 22.

SMYTH, E. “It should be the centre… of professional training in education”: The Faculty of Education of the University of Toronto, 1871-1996. Tidskrift, v. 3-4, p. 135-152, 2003.

SMYTH, E. Learning to teach: Ontario’s elementary school teacher education 1960-1974. Education Research and Perspectives, v. 33, n. 2, p. 80-101, 2006.

SMYTH, E.; HAMEL, T. The history of initial teacher education in Canada: Québec and Ontario. FALKENBERG, T. (Ed.). Handbook of Canadian research in initial teacher education. Ottawa, ON: Canadian Association for Teacher Education: 2015. p. 115-128.

VERETTE, M. The spread of literacy. In: FLEMING, P.; GALIICHAN, G.; LAMONDE, Y. (Ed.). The history of the book in Canada: beginnings to 1840. Toronto, ON: University of Toronto, 2004. p. 167-171.