Functionality of the N400 component and its application in studies of figurative language processing: A systematic review

Edgard Pereira Neves; André Mascioli Cravo; Maria Teresa Carthery-Goulart

doi:10.46230/2674-8266-13-7263

Autores

Edgard Pereira Neves UFABC https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5274-8334
André Mascioli Cravo Universidade Federal do ABC - UFABC https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8580-5697
Maria Teresa Carthery-Goulart Universidade Federal do ABC - UFABC https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2751-4541

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.46230/2674-8266-13-7263

Palavras-chave:

N400, Processamento figurativo, ERP, Metáfora, Idiomático, Acesso lexical

Resumo

Os estudos eletrofisiológicos permitem análises detalhadas sobre o curso temporal do processamento da linguagem. Na pesquisa em linguagem figurativa, a técnica mais empregada são os Potenciais Relacionados a Eventos (ERPs). O N400 é o componente ERP mais estudado e geralmente é descrito como um marcador de dificuldade ou esforço no processamento semântico. No entanto, muitos resultados controversos sobre o N400 foram encontrados. Duas razões principais podem ser levantadas para esses resultados: (1) dificuldades metodológicas no controle de variáveis psicolinguísticas que sabidamente afetam o processamento da linguagem e (2) diferentes interpretações sobre o que o N400 indexa. Nesta revisão sistemática nossos principais objetivos são: (1) fornecer um panorama geral dos estudos sobre o componente N400 aplicado à linguagem metafórica e idiomática e (2) discutir as diferentes visões adotadas por pesquisadores em relação às teorias funcionais do N400 e como o ERP estuda o processamento figurativo se encaixam em cada uma dessas teorias. Encontramos duas interpretações principais sobre o processo que é indexado pelo N400: N400 como um marcador de acesso lexical ou como um marcador de integração semântica. Também descobrimos que essa dicotomia tem impacto na escolha de modelos para explicar os resultados sobre o processamento da linguagem figurativa.

Downloads

Não há dados estatísticos.

Biografia do Autor

Edgard Pereira Neves, UFABC

Center of Mathematics, Computing and Cognition, Federal University of ABC (CMCC-UFABC), São Bernardo do Campo (SP), Brazil.

André Mascioli Cravo, Universidade Federal do ABC - UFABC

Center of Mathematics, Computing and Cognition, Federal University of ABC (CMCC-UFABC), São Bernardo do Campo (SP), Brazil.

Maria Teresa Carthery-Goulart, Universidade Federal do ABC - UFABC

1 - Center of Mathematics, Computing and Cognition, Federal University of ABC (CMCC-UFABC), São Bernardo do Campo (SP), Brazil; 2 - Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia sobre Comportamento, Cognição e Ensino (INCT-ECCE ), São Carlos (SP), Brazil; 3 - Cognitive and Behavioral Neurology Research Group, Hospital das Clínicas, Department of Neurology, School of Medicine of the University of São Paulo (GNCC-HCFMUSP), São Paulo (SP), Brazil.

Referências

ARZOUAN, Yossi; GOLDSTEIN, Abraham; FAUST, Miriam. Brainwaves are stethoscopes: ERP correlates of novel metaphor comprehension. Brain research, v. 1160, p. 69-81, 2007.

ARZOUAN, Yossi; GOLDSTEIN, Abraham; FAUST, Miriam. Dynamics of hemispheric activity during metaphor comprehension: Electrophysiological measures. Neuroimage, v. 36, n. 1, p. 222-231, 2007.

BAMBINI, Valentina et al. Disentangling metaphor from context: an ERP study. Frontiers in psychology, v. 7, p. 559, 2016.

BLOCK, Cady K.; BALDWIN, Carryl L. Cloze probability and completion norms for 498 sentences: Behavioral and neural validation using event-related potentials. Behavior research methods, v. 42, n. 3, p. 665-670, 2010.

CARROLL, DAVID W. Psychology of Language. 5ª ed. 2008.

COULSON, Seana; VAN PETTEN, Cyma. A special role for the right hemisphere in metaphor comprehension?: ERP evidence from hemifield presentation. Brain research, v. 1146, p. 128-145, 2007.

COULSON, Seana; VAN PETTEN, Cyma. Conceptual integration and metaphor: An event-related potential study. Memory & cognition, v. 30, n. 6, p. 958-968, 2002.

DE GRAUWE, Sophie et al. Electrophysiological insights into the processing of nominal metaphors. Neuropsychologia, v. 48, n. 7, p. 1965-1984, 2010.

DELONG, Katherine A.; URBACH, Thomas P.; KUTAS, Marta. Probabilistic word pre-activation during language comprehension inferred from electrical brain activity. Nature neuroscience, v. 8, n. 8, p. 1117-1121, 2005.

FORGÁCS, Bálint et al. Metaphors are physical and abstract: ERPs to metaphorically modified nouns resemble ERPs to abstract language. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, v. 9, p. 28, 2015.

FORGÁCS, Bálint; LUKÁCS, Ágnes; PLÉH, Csaba. Lateralized processing of novel metaphors: disentangling figurativeness and novelty. Neuropsychologia, v. 56, p. 101-109, 2014.

GIBBS JR, Raymond W. Evaluating contemporary models of figurative language understanding. Metaphor and symbol, v. 16, n. 3-4, p. 317-333, 2001.

GIORA, Rachel. On the priority of salient meanings: Studies of literal and figurative language. Journal of pragmatics, v. 31, n. 7, p. 919-929, 1999.

GIORA, Rachel. Literal vs. figurative language: Different or equal?. Journal of pragmatics, v. 34, n. 4, p. 487-506, 2002.

GOLD, Rinat; FAUST, Miriam; GOLDSTEIN, Abraham. Semantic integration during metaphor comprehension in Asperger syndrome. Brain and Language, v. 113, n. 3, p. 124-134, 2010.

GOLDSTEIN, Abraham; ARZOUAN, Yossi; FAUST, Miriam. Killing a novel metaphor and reviving a dead one: ERP correlates of metaphor conventionalization. Brain and language, v. 123, n. 2, p. 137-142, 2012.

GRICE, Herbert P. Logic and conversation. In: Speech acts. Brill, 1975. p. 41-58.

HAGOORT, Peter; LEVINSON, Stephen C. Neuropragmatics. In: The cognitive neurosciences. MIT Press, 2014. p. 667-674.

IAKIMOVA, Galina et al. ERPs of metaphoric, literal, and incongruous semantic processing in schizophrenia. Psychophysiology, v. 42, n. 4, p. 380-390, 2005.

KEMMERER, David. Are the motor features of verb meanings represented in the precentral motor cortices? Yes, but within the context of a flexible, multilevel architecture for conceptual knowledge. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, v. 22, n. 4, p. 1068-1075, 2015.

KUTAS, Marta; FEDERMEIER, Kara D. Thirty years and counting: finding meaning in the N400 component of the event-related brain potential (ERP). Annual review of psychology, v. 62, p. 621-647, 2011.

KUTAS, Marta; HILLYARD, Steven A. Reading senseless sentences: Brain potentials reflect semantic incongruity. Science, v. 207, n. 4427, p. 203-205, 1980.

KUTAS, Marta; HILLYARD, Steven A. Brain potentials during reading reflect word expectancy and semantic association. Nature, v. 307, n. 5947, p. 161-163, 1984.

LAI, Vicky Tzuyin; CURRAN, Tim; MENN, Lise. Comprehending conventional and novel metaphors: An ERP study. Brain research, v. 1284, p. 145-155, 2009.

LAKOFF, G. Metaphor and Thought. Cambridge University Press. 1979

LAKOFF, George; JOHNSON, Mark. Metaphors we live by. University of Chicago press, 1ª ed. 1980.

LAU, Ellen F.; PHILLIPS, Colin; POEPPEL, David. A cortical network for semantics:(de) constructing the N400. Nature reviews neuroscience, v. 9, n. 12, p. 920-933, 2008.

LAURENT, Jean-Paul et al. On understanding idiomatic language: The salience hypothesis assessed by ERPs. Brain Research, v. 1068, n. 1, p. 151-160, 2006.

LORUSSO, Maria Luisa et al. Processing sentences with literal versus figurative use of verbs: an ERP study with children with language impairments, nonverbal impairments, and typical development. Behavioural neurology, v. 2015, 2015.

LU, Aitao; ZHANG, John X. Event-related potential evidence for the early activation of literal meaning during comprehension of conventional lexical metaphors. Neuropsychologia, v. 50, n. 8, p. 1730-1738, 2012.

LUCK, Steven J. An introduction to the event-related potential technique. MIT press, 2014.

MA, Qingguo et al. Neural correlates of multimodal metaphor comprehension: evidence from event-related potentials and time-frequency decompositions. International Journal of Psychophysiology, v. 109, p. 81-91, 2016.

NIEUWLAND, Mante S.; VAN BERKUM, Jos JA. When peanuts fall in love: N400 evidence for the power of discourse. Journal of cognitive neuroscience, v. 18, n. 7, p. 1098-1111, 2006.

PROVERBIO, Alice M. et al. The role of left and right hemispheres in the comprehension of idiomatic language: an electrical neuroimaging study. BMC neuroscience, v. 10, n. 1, p. 1-16, 2009.

PYNTE, Joel et al. The time-course of metaphor comprehension: An event-related potential study. Brain and language, v. 55, n. 3, p. 293-316, 1996.

ROMMERS, Joost; DIJKSTRA, Ton; BASTIAANSEN, Marcel. Context-dependent semantic processing in the human brain: Evidence from idiom comprehension. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, v. 25, n. 5, p. 762-776, 2013.

RUTTER, Barbara et al. Can clouds dance? Part 2: An ERP investigation of passive conceptual expansion. Brain and Cognition, v. 80, n. 3, p. 301-310, 2012.

SANEI, Saeid; CHAMBERS, Jonathon A. EEG signal processing. John Wiley & Sons, 2007.

SCHMIDT-SNOEK, Gwenda L. et al. Auditory and motion metaphors have different scalp distributions: an ERP study. Frontiers in human neuroscience, v. 9, p. 126, 2015.

SCHNEIDER, Julie M. et al. Developmental differences in beta and theta power during sentence processing. Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience, v. 19, p. 19-30, 2016.

SCHNEIDER, Sabrina et al. Beyond the N400: Complementary access to early neural correlates of novel metaphor comprehension using combined electrophysiological and haemodynamic measurements. Cortex, v. 53, p. 45-59, 2014.

SOTILLO, María et al. Neural activity associated with metaphor comprehension: spatial analysis. Neuroscience letters, v. 373, n. 1, p. 5-9, 2004.

STRANDBURG, Robert J. et al. Event-related potential correlates of linguistic information processing in schizophrenics. Biological Psychiatry, v. 42, n. 7, p. 596-608, 1997.

TARTTER, Vivien C. et al. Novel metaphors appear anomalous at least momentarily: Evidence from N400. Brain and Language, v. 80, n. 3, p. 488-509, 2002.

THOMA, Patrizia; DAUM, Irene. Neurocognitive mechanisms of figurative language processing—evidence from clinical dysfunctions. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, v. 30, n. 8, p. 1182-1205, 2006.

TROYER, Melissa; KUTAS, Marta. Harry Potter and the Chamber of What?: The impact of what individuals know on word processing during reading. Language, cognition and neuroscience, v. 35, n. 5, p. 641-657, 2020.

LAI, Vicky Tzuyin; CURRAN, Tim. ERP evidence for conceptual mappings and comparison processes during the comprehension of conventional and novel metaphors. Brain and Language, v. 127, n. 3, p. 484-496, 2013.

VESPIGNANI, Francesco et al. Predictive mechanisms in idiom comprehension. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, v. 22, n. 8, p. 1682-1700, 2010.

WEILAND, Hanna; BAMBINI, Valentina; SCHUMACHER, Petra B. The role of literal meaning in figurative language comprehension: Evidence from masked priming ERP. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, v. 8, p. 583, 2014.

YANG, Jie; XUE, Jin. Spatial metaphor processing during temporal sequencing comprehension. Experimental brain research, v. 213, n. 4, p. 475, 2011.

ZHAO, Ming et al. The neuromechanism underlying verbal analogical reasoning of metaphorical relations: An event-related potentials study. Brain research, v. 1425, p. 62-74, 2011.

ZHOU, S.; ZHOU, W.; CHEN, X. Spatiotemporal analysis of ERP during Chinese idiom comprehension. Brain Topography, v. 17, n. 1, p. 27-37, 2004.