O campo do Outro e o sistema capitalista

Abstract

In this article we start with the thoughts of Foucault and Saflate, to define how power and exploitation take place within society. Together, we analyze certain concepts of Honneth where he analyzes why certain social reforms that started to happen, ended up being dismantled in the neoliberal model. We work with Foucault's concept of Homo Economicus, which implies the birth of biopolitics. A form of power based on the figure of the Indebted Man, by Lazzarato, will emerge.
We will work on the psychoanalytic concept of the Lacanian Other, showing how it derives from the Freudian Kultur concept that aims to encompass all aspects of the social field. From the thought of Freud, Lacan and Stein, we will configure this Other as a kind of metaphysical entity - the concept of social group above the mere subject that composes it.
We will relate this to the concept of social being, which Marx works, to conceptualize how man needs and fulfills himself only within the social sphere. Stein traces the main points of the Lacanian theory that replaces the biological basis with the signifying chain of language. Zizek demonstrates the relationship between the psychoanalytic symptom and Marxist concepts. Also the repression of the exploitative capitalist model, which Zizek demonstrates clashes with the vision of equality and democracy that capitalism wants to convey.
Finally, we will conclude by demonstrating that the concept of the good of society is an abstract concept - as well as the Lacanian concept of the Other - that allows controlling and manipulating the whole of society through its use. This means that the capitalist system, which evolved into the neoliberal system, represents a dominant class that uses this abstract element, the Other, to exploit another class, even though this is the majority.