ADVANTAGES AND CHALLENGES OF LOW CARB DIET FOR HEALTH AND WEIGHT CONTROL: A REVIEW.

Authors

  • Dálvio Freitas de Matos Faculdades Santo Agostinho, Vitória da Conquista – Bahia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.59171/nutrivisa-2020v7e9630

Keywords:

Ketogenic Diet, Chronic disease, Weight Loss, Low Carb Diet

Abstract

The Low Carb Diet is an alternative to other conventional diets in weight loss, while also having varied positive health effects. However, there is still no unanimity within the scientific community on the risks and benefits linked to it, with studies pointing out vast benefits of diet and possible adaptation as a general food base of the population, while others warn about the inconclusive effects of Low Carb in the long term and the risks it could entail to health. Thus, the present study sought to investigate the points raised by these studies that indicate the real benefits and risks of Low Carb for weight loss and health, with focus on chronic diseases, analyzing its applicability, time of adoption to achieve weight loss and relevance in the control of some diseases. This is a narrative literature review, compiling scientific research from different academic databases, with papers published between 2000 and 2019, aiming to clarify these conflicting points. After the review, it is concluded that the Low Carb diet is efficient in slimming and control of various biochemical parameters, but there is a need for further studies investigating the permanence of the benefits and analyze of side effects in the long term.

References

A., De Toledo Triffoni-Melo; I., Dick-De-Paula; G.V., Portari; et al. Short-term carbohydrate-restricted diet for weight loss in severely obese women. Obesity Surgery, 2011.

ADAM-PERROT, A.; CLIFTON, P.; BROUNS, F. Low-carbohydrate diets: Nutritional and physiological aspects. Obesity Reviews, 2006.

BOLLA, Andrea Mario; CARETTO, Amelia; LAURENZI, Andrea; et al. Low-carb and ketogenic diets in type 1 and type 2 diabetes. Nutrients, 2019.

BREHM, Bonnie J.; SEELEY, Randy J.; DANIELS, Stephen R.; et al. A randomized trial comparing a very low carbohydrate diet and a calorie-restricted low fat diet on body weight and cardiovascular risk factors in healthy women. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, 2003.

BRINKWORTH, Grant D.; NOAKES, Manny; CLIFTON, Peter M.; et al. Comparative effects of very low-carbohydrate, high-fat and high-carbohydrate, low-fat weight-loss diets on bowel habit and faecal short-chain fatty acids and bacterial populations. British Journal of Nutrition, 2009.

ELHAYANY, A.; LUSTMAN, A.; ABEL, R.; et al. A low carbohydrate Mediterranean diet improves cardiovascular risk factors and diabetes control among overweight patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A 1-year prospective randomized intervention study. Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism, 2010.

FOSTER, Gary D.; WYATT, Holly R.; HILL, James O.; et al. Weight and metabolic outcomes after 2 years on a low-carbohydrate versus low-fat diet: A randomized trial. Annals of Internal Medicine, 2010.

FOSTER GD; WYATT, HR; HILL, JO; et al. A RCT of a low carb diet for obesity, Foster, 2003.pdf. New England Journal of Medicine, 2003.

FREEDMAN, M. R.; KING, J.; KENNEDY, E. Popular diets: a scientific review. Obesity research, 2001.

FRIGOLET, María Eugenia; RAMOS BARRAGÁN, Victoria Eugenia; TAMEZ GONZÁLEZ, Martha. Low-carbohydrate diets: A matter of love or hate. Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism, 2011.

GARDNER, Christopher D.; KIAZAND, Alexandre; ALHASSAN, Sofiya; et al. Comparison of the Atkins, Zone, Ornish, and LEARN diets for change in weight and related risk factors among overweight premenopausal women: The A to Z weight loss study: A randomized trial. Journal of the American Medical Association, 2007.

GODAY, A.; BELLIDO, D.; SAJOUX, I.; et al. Short-Term safety, tolerability and efficacy of a very low-calorie-ketogenic diet interventional weight loss program versus hypocaloric diet in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Nutrition and Diabetes, 2016.

HALL, Kevin D.; BEMIS, Thomas; BRYCHTA, Robert; et al. Calorie for calorie, dietary fat restriction results in more body fat loss than carbohydrate restriction in people with obesity. Cell Metabolism, 2015.

J.E., Müller; D., Sträter-Müller; H.-J., Marks; et al. Carbohydrate restricted diet in conjunction with metformin and liraglutide is an effective treatment in patients with deteriorated type 2 diabetes mellitus: Proof-of-concept study. Nutrition and Metabolism, 2011.

KENNEDY, Eileen T.; BOWMAN, Shanthy A.; SPENCE, Joseph T.; et al. Popular diets: Correlation to health, nutrition, and obesity. Journal of the American Dietetic Association, 2001.

L.-L., Wang; Q., Wang; Y., Hong; et al. The effect of low-carbohydrate diet on glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Nutrients, 2018.

LARSEN, R. N.; MANN, N. J.; MACLEAN, E.; et al. The effect of high-protein, low-carbohydrate diets in the treatment of type 2 diabetes: A 12 month randomised controlled trial. Diabetologia, 2011.

MA, Yunsheng; PAGOTO, Sherry L.; GRIFFITH, Jennifer A.; et al. A Dietary Quality Comparison of Popular Weight-Loss Plans. Journal of the American Dietetic Association, 2007.

MANORE, Melinda M. Exercise and the institute of medicine recommendations for nutrition. Current Sports Medicine Reports, 2005.

MANSOOR, Nadia; VINKNES, Kathrine J.; VEIEROD, Marit B.; et al. Effects of low-carbohydrate diets v. low-fat diets on body weight and cardiovascular risk factors a meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. British Journal of Nutrition, 2016.

NOTO, Hiroshi; GOTO, Atsushi; TSUJIMOTO, Tetsuro; et al. Low-Carbohydrate Diets and All-Cause Mortality: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies. PLoS ONE, 2013.

PAOLI, A.; RUBINI, A.; VOLEK, J. S.; et al. Beyond weight loss: A review of the therapeutic uses of very-low-carbohydrate (ketogenic) diets. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 2013.

RODRIGUES, Humberto; SCHMIDT, Vanessa; NAVARRO, Antonio. Efeitos de uma dieta hipoglicídica associados a uma programa de exercícios de força e endurance em mulheres praticantes de exercícios físicos regulares. Revista Brasileira de Nutrição Esportiva, 2008.

SACKS, Frank M.; BRAY, George A.; CAREY, Vincent J.; et al. Comparison of Weight-Loss Diets with Different Compositions of Fat, Protein, and Carbohydrates. New England Journal of Medicine, 2009.

SEIDELMANN, Sara B.; CLAGGETT, Brian; CHENG, Susan; et al. Dietary carbohydrate intake and mortality: a prospective cohort study and meta-analysis. The Lancet Public Health, 2018.

SHAI, I; SCHWARZFUCHS, D; HENKIN, Y; et al. Weight loss with a low-carbohydrate, Mediterranean, or low-fat diet.[Erratum appears in N Engl J Med. 2009 Dec 31;361(27):2681]. New England Journal of Medicine, 2008.

STERN, Linda; IQBAL, Nayyar; SESHADRI, Prakash; et al. The Effects of Low-Carbohydrate versus Conventional Weight Loss Diets in Severely Obese Adults: One-Year Follow-up of a Randomized Trial. Annals of Internal Medicine, 2004.

T, Hu; KT, Mills; L, Yao; et al. Effects of low-carbohydrate diets versus low-fat diets on metabolic risk factors: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled clinical trials (Structured abstract). In: American Journal of Epidemiology. [s.l.: s.n.], 2012.

VALMORBIDA, Luiza Armani; BORSATTO, Alice Carvalho; FEOLI, Ana Maria; et al. Benefícios da modificação do estilo de vida na síndrome metabólica. Fisioterapia em Movimento, 2013.

WESTMAN, Eric C.; MAVROPOULOS, John; YANCY, William S.; et al. A review of low-carbohydrate ketogenic diets. Current Atherosclerosis Reports, 2003.

WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION. WHO Noncommunicable diseases 2014. [s.l.: s.n.], 2014.

Published

2020-11-17

How to Cite

MATOS, D. F. de . ADVANTAGES AND CHALLENGES OF LOW CARB DIET FOR HEALTH AND WEIGHT CONTROL: A REVIEW. Journal of Nutrition and Health Surveillance, Fortaleza, v. 7, n. 1, p. 1–10, 2020. DOI: 10.59171/nutrivisa-2020v7e9630. Disponível em: https://revistas.uece.br/index.php/nutrivisa/article/view/9630. Acesso em: 22 jul. 2024.

Issue

Section

Artigos de revisão