Reflections on the Concept of Truth: articulation of Thomas Aquinas' adequatio and Hegel's absolute Knowing

Abstract

This article analyzes the concept of method in the philosophy of René Descartes, aiming to investigate the relationship between the formulations presented in the Regulae ad Directionem Ingenii and the Discourse on the Method. It is based on the hypothesis that, despite differences in exposition and degree of systematization between these works, there exists a fundamental unity in Cartesian methodological doctrine. The relevance of this study lies in clarifying the role of method as a structuring axis of Descartes’ philosophical project, contributing to a better understanding of his proposal for grounding modern science. The theoretical framework is grounded in a close reading of Descartes’ works, particularly the Œuvres de Descartes, combined with interpretations by classical commentators such as Martial Guéroult, Henri Gouhier, and Lewis White Beck. Methodologically, this is a theoretical-analytical study centered on the conceptual analysis of the four rules of method presented in the Discourse on the Method, examined in correlation with corresponding passages in the Regulae. The analysis shows that the principles of evidence, analysis, order, and enumeration—central to the Discourse—are already outlined in the Regulae, indicating a structural continuity between the two works. It is concluded that the Cartesian method exhibits an internal coherence that transcends differences of form and context, thus constituting a central element for understanding the unity of Descartes’ philosophy.