The Principle of Individuation in Descartes, Locke, and Leibniz

Abstract

The aim of this text is to present one of the most controversial topics of modernity, specifically, namely: the principle of individuation. For both authors, John Locke and G. W. Leibniz, the necessity of this principle pertains to morality: actions, justice, and Divinity. However, none of these philosophical constructions would be possible without the foundation of the Cogito, as established by René Descartes. Therefore, this article begins with the characterization of the Cartesian Cogito. Next, we will present Locke's understanding of consciousness as constitutive of personal or moral identity, and subsequently elucidate Leibniz's criticisms of such exclusivity.