Efectos de la administración continua de etinilestradiol y drospirenona sobre la masa corporal y la glándula mamaria en ratonas alimentadas con dieta normolipídica e hiperlipídica
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.52521/nutrivisa.v12i1.15667Palabras clave:
glándula mamaria, obesidad, anticonceptivos orales.Resumen
Los anticonceptivos orales combinados (AOC) son utilizados por millones de mujeres, pero estudios sugieren que pueden aumentar el riesgo de cáncer de mama. El sobrepeso y la obesidad, también factores de riesgo para neoplasias mamarias, han alcanzado proporciones epidémicas. Este estudio evaluó los efectos de un AOC que contiene etinilestradiol (EE2) y drospirenona (DRSP) sobre los órganos reproductivos, especialmente las características histopatológicas de las glándulas mamarias inguinales en ratonas adultas sexualmente activas alimentadas con dieta estándar (SD) o hiperlipídica (HFD). Las hembras Swiss recibieron SD o HFD y fueron tratadas durante 65 días por gavage diario con agua destilada [control (CTL)-SD y CTL-HFD] o 0,6 µg de EE2 + 60 µg de DRSP (AOC-SD y AOC-HFD). El tratamiento con AOC alteró el ciclo estral, con frotis vaginales que mostraron una reducción de células escamosas y un aumento de leucocitos, células profundas y moco, características de metaestro y proestro. Al final del experimento, las hembras AOC-SD presentaron peso corporal (PC), masa de tejido adiposo blanco (TAB) inguinal y pesos uterino y ovárico similares a los del grupo CTL-SD. La dieta hiperlipídica aumentó el PC y el TAB, sin afectar los pesos del útero y ovarios. El AOC atenuó estos aumentos en el grupo HFD, pero incrementó el peso uterino en AOC-HFD. El análisis morfológico de las glándulas mamarias no mostró alteraciones patológicas ni estructurales en ácinos, conductos o luces. Las hembras AOC-HFD presentaron adipocitos blancos más pequeños que CTL-HFD, mientras que la cantidad de adipocitos beige se mantuvo sin cambios entre los grupos. Estos hallazgos sugieren que EE2 y DRSP pueden modular la obesidad inducida por dieta rica en grasas sin afectar negativamente la morfología de las glándulas mamarias.
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Derechos de autor 2025 Gésily de Souza Aguiar , Janaína de Oliveira Chaves (In Memorian), Israelle Netto Freitas, Kênia Moreno de Oliveira, Ana Beatriz Barbosa da Silva, Stefanny Calixto da Silva, Rosane Aparecida Ribeiro , Helene Nara Henriques Blanc
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución 4.0.
