Abordagem decolonial da mente no estudo dos psicodélicos
Abstract
Os estudos da mente têm se mantido inertes em um cognitivismo representacional que concebe o sistema cognitivo como um computador. Além disso, quando se apresenta comumente na literatura que as revoluções psicodélicas se iniciaram na contracultura na década de 1960, esquece-se a ciência e resistência dos povos originários, esquece-se a revolução “zero”. O objetivo deste artigo é descrever as relações entre psicodélicos, conhecimento, consciência e cognição de uma perspectiva decolonial. Retomamos a Teoria Apresentacional da Mente (TAM), baseada na ecopsicologia e argumentamos que é necessária uma perspectiva epistemológica que considere as filosofias indígenas na construção científica atual do conhecimento psicodélico.
Downloads
Literaturhinweise
ADAMS, G..ESTRADA-VILLALTA, S. Theory from the South: A decolonial approach to the psychology of global inequality. Current Opinion in Psychology, v. 18, p. 37-42, 2017. ISSN 2352-250X.
ALBUQUERQUE, M. B. Uma heresia epistemológica: as plantas como sujeitos do saber. Oficina do CES, n. 328, p. 1-34, 2009. ISSN 2182-7966. Disponível em: < https://estudogeral.uc.pt/bitstream/10316/90604/1/Uma%20heresia%20epistemologica.pdf >.
BLEVINS, K. R. J. J. o. P. S. Psychedelics, embodiment, and intersubjectivity. v. 7, n. S1, p. 40-47, 2023. ISSN 2559-9283.
BOUSO, J. C. et al. Adverse effects of ayahuasca: Results from the Global Ayahuasca Survey. PLOS Glob Public Health, v. 2, n. 11, p. e0000438, 2022. ISSN 2767-3375 (Electronic)
-3375. Disponível em: < https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36962494 >.
BREEKSEMA, J. J..VAN ELK, M. Working with Weirdness: A Response to "Moving Past Mysticism in Psychedelic Science". ACS Pharmacol Transl Sci, v. 4, n. 4, p. 1471-1474, Aug 13 2021. ISSN 2575-9108
Disponível em: < https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34423279 >.
CAPPO, S. M. What ayahuasca wants: Notes for the study and preservation of an entangled ayahuasca. In: (Ed.). The expanding world ayahuasca diaspora: Routledge, 2018. p.157-176.
CARHART-HARRIS, R. L. et al. The administration of psilocybin to healthy, hallucinogen-experienced volunteers in a mock-functional magnetic resonance imaging environment: a preliminary investigation of tolerability. J Psychopharmacol, v. 25, n. 11, p. 1562-7, Nov 2011.
Disponível em: < https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20395317 >.
CATANIA, A. Aprendizagem: Linguagem, comportamento e cognição. 4a ed. Porto Alegre: Artmed, 1999.
CELIDWEN, Y. et al. Ethical principles of traditional Indigenous medicine to guide western psychedelic research and practice. Lancet Reg Health Am, v. 18, p. 100410, Feb 2023. ISSN 2667-193X (Electronic)
-193X. Disponível em: < https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36844020 >.
COLE-TURNER, R. Psychedelic Epistemology: William James and the “Noetic Quality” of Mystical Experience. Religions, v. 12, n. 12, p. 1058, 2021.
CORDEIRO, E. G. J. T. M. J. o. L. A. The Medicalisation of Ayahuasca as a Depression Treatment: Cultural Reductivism and Biopiracy Concerns. v. 14, 2023.
CSORDAS, T. J. Imaginal performance and memory in ritual healing. In: LANDERMAN, C. e ROSEMAN, M. (Ed.). The performance of healing: Routledge, 2016. p.91-114.
DAWS, R. E. et al. Increased global integration in the brain after psilocybin therapy for depression. Nat Med, v. 28, n. 4, p. 844-851, Apr 2022. ISSN 1546-170X (Electronic)
-8956. Disponível em: < https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35411074 >.
DEVENOT, N. TESCREAL hallucinations: Psychedelic and AI hype as inequality engines. Journal of Psychedelic Studies, v. 7, n. S1, p. 22-39, 2023.
DEVENOT, N.; CONNER, T..DOYLE, R. Dark Side of the Shroom: Erasing Indigenous and Counterculture Wisdoms with Psychedelic Capitalism, and the Open Source Alternative: A Manifest0 for Psychonauts. Anthropology of Consciousness, 2022. ISSN 1053-4202.
DUMIT, J..SANABRIA, E. Set, setting, and clinical trials: colonial technologies and psychedelics. In: (Ed.). The Palgrave Handbook of the Anthropology of Technology: Springer, 2022. p.291-308.
FALCHI-CARVALHO, M. et al. Safety and tolerability of inhaled N, N-Dimethyltryptamine (BMND01 candidate): A phase I clinical trial. European Neuropsychopharmacology, v. 80, p. 27-35, 2024. ISSN 0924-977X.
FALCON, J. Designing consciousness: Psychedelics as ontological design tools for decolonizing consciousness. Design Culture, v. 13, n. 2, p. 143-163, 2021a. ISSN 1754-7075.
FALCON, J. Situating psychedelics and the war on drugs within the decolonization of consciousness. ACME: An International Journal for Critical Geographies, v. 20, n. 2, p. 151-170, 2021b. ISSN 1492-9732.
FIGUEIREDO, E. H. D. d..MARTINEZ, J. The locus of enunciation as a way to confront epistemological racism and decolonize scholarly knowledge. Applied Linguistics, v. 42, n. 2, p. 355-359, 2021. ISSN 0142-6001.
FINK, S. B. Look who's talking! Varieties of ego-dissolution without paradox. Philosophy the Mind Sciences, v. 1, n. I, p. 1-36, 2020. ISSN 2699-0369.
FINK, S. B. Psychedelics favour understanding rather than knowledge. Philosophy the Mind Sciences, v. 3, 2022. ISSN 2699-0369.
FISCHMAN, L. G. Knowing and being known: Psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy and the sense of authenticity. Front Psychiatry, v. 13, p. 933495, 2022.
Disponível em: < https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36203843 >.
FISHER, A. Ecopsychology as decolonial praxis. Ecopsychology, v. 11, n. 3, p. 145-155, 2019. ISSN 1942-9347.
FREITAS, J. C. C. Entheogenic Creativity: Shamanism and Entheogens in the Visionary Art of Alex Grey. Kalagatos, v. 20, n. 1, p. eK23011-eK23011, 2023a. ISSN 1984-9206.
FREITAS, J. C. C. Que é isto-a Filopsicodelia?: O Reflorescimento da Filosofia Psicodélica. Princípios: Revista de Filosofia, v. 30, n. 62, 2023b. ISSN 1983-2109.
GARB, B. A..EARLEYWINE, M. Mystical experiences without mysticism: An argument for mystical fictionalism in psychedelics. Journal of Psychedelic Studies, v. 6, n. 1, p. 48-53, 2022. ISSN 2559-9283.
GEORGE, J. R. et al. The psychedelic renaissance and the limitations of a White-dominant medical framework: A call for indigenous and ethnic minority inclusion. Journal of Psychedelic Studies, v. 4, n. 1, p. 4-15, 2019.
GONZALEZ, D. et al. Therapeutic potential of ayahuasca in grief: a prospective, observational study. Psychopharmacology (Berl), v. 237, n. 4, p. 1171-1182, Apr 2020.
Disponível em: < https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31938878 >.
GRIFFITHS, R. R. et al. Survey of subjective "God encounter experiences": Comparisons among naturally occurring experiences and those occasioned by the classic psychedelics psilocybin, LSD, ayahuasca, or DMT. PLoS One, v. 14, n. 4, p. e0214377, 2019. Disponível em: < https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31013281 >.
GRIFFITHS, R. R. et al. Psilocybin-occasioned mystical-type experience in combination with meditation and other spiritual practices produces enduring positive changes in psychological functioning and in trait measures of prosocial attitudes and behaviors. J Psychopharmacol, v. 32, n. 1, p. 49-69, Jan 2018.
Disponível em: < https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29020861 >.
GUKASYAN, N. et al. Psychedelic-Assisted Therapy for People with Eating Disorders. Curr Psychiatry Rep, v. 24, n. 12, p. 767-775, Dec 2022. ISSN 1535-1645 (Electronic)
-3812. Disponível em: < https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36374357 >.
HASHIMOTO, K. Are “mystical experiences” essential for antidepressant actions of ketamine and the classic psychedelics? European Archives of Psychiatry Clinical Neuroscience, p. 1-14, 2024. ISSN 1433-8491.
HAUSKELLER, C. et al. Decolonization is a metaphor towards a different ethic. The case from psychedelic studies. Interdisciplinary Science Reviews, v. 48, n. 5, p. 732-751, 2023. ISSN 0308-0188.
HAUSKELLER, C..SCHWARZ, C. G. Critical Doses: Nurturing Diversity in Psychedelic Studies. Interdisciplinary Science Reviews, v. 48, n. 5, p. 697-711, 2023. ISSN 0308-0188.
HENNER, R. L.; KESHAVAN, M. S..HILL, K. P. Review of potential psychedelic treatments for PTSD. J Neurol Sci, v. 439, p. 120302, Aug 15 2022.
Disponível em: < https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35700643 >.
IRIZARRY, R. et al. Psilocybin as a Treatment for Psychiatric Illness: A Meta-Analysis. Cureus, v. 14, n. 11, p. e31796, Nov 2022.
Disponível em: < https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36569662 >.
JORBA, M. Husserlian horizons, cognitive affordances and motivating reasons for action. Phenomenology the Cognitive Sciences, v. 19, n. 5, p. 847-868, 2020. ISSN 1568-7759.
KAROLL, L. The Psychedelic Surge and its Threats to Native American Communities. Brandeis University Law Journal, v. 11, 2024. ISSN 2836-7251.
KELLY, M. Epistemology, epistemic belief, personal epistemology, and epistemics: A review of concepts as they impact information behavior research. Journal of the Association for Information Science Technology, v. 72, n. 4, p. 507-519, 2021. ISSN 2330-1635.
KO, K. et al. Psychedelics, mystical experience, and therapeutic efficacy: a systematic review. Frontiers in Psychiatry, v. 13, 2022.
KO, K. et al. Psychedelic therapy for depressive symptoms: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Affect Disord, v. 322, p. 194-204, Feb 1 2023. ISSN 1573-2517 (Electronic)
-0327. Disponível em: < https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36209780 >.
LABATE, B. C. et al. On epistemic injustices, biomedical research with Indigenous people, and the legal regulation of ayahuasca in Brazil: The production of new injustices? Transcult Psychiatry, v. 59, n. 5, p. 705-710, Oct 2022. ISSN 1461-7471 (Electronic)
-4615. Disponível em: < https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36314720 >.
LANGDON, E. J. M. Xamanismo no Brasil: novas perspectivas. Florianópolis: Ed. UFSC, 1996.
LETHEBY, C. Philosophy of psychedelics. Oxford University Press, 2021. ISBN 0198843127.
LETHEBY, C. Psychedelics: Recent Philosophical Discussions. In: (Ed.). Handbook of the Philosophy of Medicine: Springer, 2024.
LETHEBY, C.GERRANS, P. Self unbound: ego dissolution in psychedelic experience. Neurosci Conscious, v. 2017, n. 1, p. nix016, 2017. ISSN 2057-2107 (Electronic)
-2107. Disponível em: < https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30042848 >.
LETHEBY, C.MATTU, J. Philosophy and classic psychedelics: A review of some emerging themes. Journal of Psychedelic Studies, v. 5, n. 3, p. 166-175, 2022. ISSN 2559-9283.
LIECHTI, M. E.; DOLDER, P. C..SCHMID, Y. Alterations of consciousness and mystical-type experiences after acute LSD in humans. Psychopharmacology, v. 234, n. 9-10, p. 1499-1510, 2017. ISSN 0033-3158.
LOBO, L.; HERAS-ESCRIBANO, M..TRAVIESO, D. The history and philosophy of ecological psychology. Frontiers in Psychology, v. 9, p. 403987, 2018. ISSN 1664-1078.
MALDONADO-TORRES, N. Frantz Fanon and the decolonial turn in psychology: From modern/colonial methods to the decolonial attitude. South African Journal of Psychology, v. 47, n. 4, p. 432-441, 2017. ISSN 0081-2463.
MCCULLOCH, D. E. et al. Psilocybin-Induced Mystical-Type Experiences are Related to Persisting Positive Effects: A Quantitative and Qualitative Report. Front Pharmacol, v. 13, p. 841648, 2022.
Disponível em: < https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35355714 >.
METZINGER, T. Being no one: The self-model theory of subjectivity. mit Press, 2004. ISBN 0262263807.
MILLIÈRE, R. The varieties of selflessness. Philosophy and the Mind Sciences, v. 1, n. I, p. 1-41, 2020. ISSN 2699-0369.
MORIN, A. Toward a glossary of self-related terms. Frontiers in psychology, v. 8, p. 280, 2017. ISSN 1664-1078.
NEWEN, A.; DE BRUIN, L..GALLAGHER, S. The Oxford handbook of 4E cognition. Oxford University Press, 2018. ISBN 0191054356.
PINHEIRO, L. P. Quatro teses sobre a impossibilidade de fundamentação do conhecimento (sobre o mundo). Kalagatos, v. 14, n. 1, p. 105-116, 2017. ISSN 1984-9206.
RIBA, J. et al. Metabolism and disposition of N,N-dimethyltryptamine and harmala alkaloids after oral administration of ayahuasca. Drug Test Anal, v. 4, n. 7-8, p. 610-6, Jul-Aug 2012.
Disponível em: < https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22514127 >.
RISKU, H..ROGL, R. Translation and situated, embodied, distributed, embedded and extended cognition. In: (Ed.). The Routledge handbook of translation and cognition: Routledge, 2020. p.478-499.
ROAZZI, A. Pressupostos Filosóficos da Psicologia Cognitiva e Interdisciplinaridade. Arquivos Brasileiros de Psicologia, v. 51, n. 1, p. 5-22, 1999.
ROBERTS, T. B. The psychedelic future of the mind: How entheogens are enhancing cognition, boosting intelligence, and raising values. Inner Traditions/Bear & Co, 2013. ISBN 1594775028.
ROMERO, O. S. G. Decolonizing the philosophy of psychedelics. In: HAUSKELLER, C. e SJÖSTEDT-HUGHES, P. (Ed.). Philosophy psychedelics: Frameworks for exceptional experience. Great-Britain: Bloomsbury Academic, v.77, 2022.
RUCKER, J. J. et al. The effects of psilocybin on cognitive and emotional functions in healthy participants: Results from a phase 1, randomised, placebo-controlled trial involving simultaneous psilocybin administration and preparation. J Psychopharmacol, v. 36, n. 1, p. 114-125, Jan 2022.
Disponível em: < https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35090363 >.
SANTOS, F. J. A. Aparência e aparição no cerne do espetáculo. Kalagatos, v. 13, n. 26, p. 109-124, 2016. ISSN 1984-9206.
SAVOLDI, R.; ROAZZI, A..SALES, R. C. d. O. Mystical and Ego-Dissolution Experiences in Ayahuasca and Jurema Holistic Rituals: An Exploratory Study. The International Journal for the Psychology of Religion, p. 1-29, 2023. ISSN 1050-8619.
SEBASTIÁN, M. Á. Perspectival self-consciousness and ego-dissolution: An analysis of (some) altered states of consciousness. Philosophy the Mind Sciences, v. 1, n. I, p. 1-27, 2020. ISSN 2699-0369.
SEVELIUS, J. How psychedelic science privileges some, neglects others, and limits us all. Chacruna, 2017. Disponível em: < https://chacruna.net/how-psychedelic-science >.
SHANON, B. The antipodes of the mind. NY: Oxford University Press. pg, v. 12, 2002.
SHANON, B. The epistemics of ayahuasca visions. Phenomenology the Cognitive Sciences, v. 9, p. 263-280, 2010. ISSN 1568-7759.
SHANON, B. The representational and the presentational: An essay on cognition and the study of mind. Andrews UK Limited, 2013. ISBN 1845405129.
SJÖSTEDT-HUGHES, P. On the need for metaphysics in psychedelic therapy and research. Frontiers in Psychology, v. 14, p. 1128589, 2023. ISSN 1664-1078.
SMITH, M. et al. Access and benefit-sharing legislation: An ethnobiological approach to overcoming epistemic injustices through intercultural dialogue. Transcultural Psychiatry, v. 59, n. 5, p. 711-713, 2022. ISSN 1363-4615.
SPIERS, N. et al. Indigenous psilocybin mushroom practices: An annotated bibliography. Journal of Psychedelic Studies, 2024. ISSN 2559-9283.
SPINILLO, A. G..ROAZZI, A. A atuação do psicólogo na área cognitiva: reflexões e questionamentos. Psicologia: ciência e profissão, v. 9, n. 3, p. 20-25, 1989. ISSN 1414-9893.
STRAUSS, D. et al. Research abuses against people of colour and other vulnerable groups in early psychedelic research. J Med Ethics, Jul 12 2021.
Disponível em: < https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34253622 >.
TAUSSIG, M. T. Shamanism, colonialism, and the wild man: A study in terror and healing. University of Chicago Press Chicago, 1986. ISBN 0226790126.
TAVES, A. Mystical and other alterations in sense of self: an expanded framework for studying nonordinary experiences. Perspectives on Psychological Science, v. 15, n. 3, p. 669-690, 2020. ISSN 1745-6916.
TEMPONE-WILTSHIRE, J..DOWIE, T. Psychedelics and critical theory: A response to Hauskeller's individualization and alienation in psychedelic psychotherapy. Journal of Psychedelic Studies, v. 7, n. 3, p. 161-173, 2023. ISSN 2559-9283.
TIMMERMANN, C. KETTNER, H. LETHEBY, C., al. Psychedelics alter metaphysical beliefs. Scientific Reports, v. 11, n. 1, p. 22166, 2021. ISSN 2045-2322.
VAN DER MEER, P. B. et al. Therapeutic effect of psilocybin in addiction: A systematic review. Front Psychiatry, v. 14, p. 1134454, 2023.
Disponível em: < https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36846225 >.
VERISSIMO, D. S. Sínteses sem fim: a percepção de objetos segundo Husserl. Arquivos Brasileiros de Psicologia, v. 67, n. 3, p. 139-152, 2015. ISSN 0100-8692.
VOGEL, D. H. et al. The temporality of situated cognition. Frontiers in psychology, v. 11, p. 546212, 2020. ISSN 1664-1078.
WILLIAMS, K. et al. Indigenous Philosophies and the" Psychedelic Renaissance". Anthropology of consciousness, v. 33, n. 2, p. 506-527, 2022. ISSN 1053-4202.
WILLIAMS, M. T. LABATE, B. C. Diversity, equity, and access in psychedelic medicine. Journal of Psychedelic Studies, v. 4, n. 1, p. 1-3, 2020.
Downloads
Veröffentlicht
Zitationsvorschlag
Ausgabe
Rubrik
Lizenz
Copyright (c) 2024 Robson Savoldi, Antonio Roazzi, Hector David Quinones Vargas
Dieses Werk steht unter der Lizenz Creative Commons Namensnennung 4.0 International.