Profile of suspected cases of COVID-19 in a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit: treatment and clinical outcome

Authors

Keywords:

COVID-19, Health Profile, Newborn Respiratory Distress Syndrome., Neonatal Intensive Care Unit

Abstract

This work aims to analyze the hospitalization profile of newborns suspected of having COVID-19 admitted to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, considering the clinical profile, treatment, and outcome for the newborn's hospital discharge. This is a retrospective cross-sectional observational study. Data were used from medical records of newborns admitted to COVID-19 Neonatal Intensive Care Units of a reference hospital in the northern region of Brazil. The searches were carried out using ICD-10 with codes B34.2, P220, and P229, in addition to an active search in the histories of the hospitalization sectors in the period from March 2020 to October 2021. The statistical analysis of the categorical and inferential analysis were done. Statistical processing was carried out using IBM SPSS software, adopting an alpha significance level of 5%. 67 newborns included, 55.2% (N=37) were male, with a gestational age of 34.7±3.87, from the Metropolitan region of Belém (53.7%). Of these 6 cases (8.9%) were positive for COVID-19, the female gender was predominant (66.6%), gestational age was 37.6 ± 2.1, and the route of contamination was family coexistence (83.3 %). The most used therapeutic strategy was Invasive Mechanical Ventilation, with a correlation between support time and gestational age (p-value=0.008). The hospitalization profile during the studied period corresponded to negative cases of the disease, with children born in 2020, preterm newborns, coming from the metropolitan region of Belém, and with favorable discharge outcomes.

Author Biographies

Polyana Maria do Espírito Santo Martins , Universidade do Estado do Pará

Physiotherapist graduated from the Universidade da Amazônia (University of Amazonia) (2015-2019). Specialization through the Multiprofessional Residency in Women's and Children's Health Care at the Santa Casa de Misericórdia do Pará Foundation/Universidade do Estado do Pará (2020-2022). Postgraduate in Pelvic Physiotherapy and Functional Urogynecology at Faculdade Inspirar (2020-2021).

Lorenna Costa Malaquias, Federal University of Pará

Physiotherapist graduated from the Universidade Estadual do Pará (State University of Pará) (2018), with a sandwich period at the Complutense University of Madrid through the Ciência sem Fronteiras program. She has a postgraduate degree (latu sensu) in Multiprofessional Residency in the Women's and Children's Health Care Program (2020), Physiotherapy in Intensive Care (FINAMA, 2020) and Physiotherapy in Traumatology and Orthopedics (Faculdade Inspirar, 2022). She has a master's degree in Human Movement Sciences from the Universidade Federal do Pará (Federal University of Pará) (UFPA, 2023), concentrating her work on the line of research into Assessment and Rehabilitation, Development and Rehabilitation in the Amazon.

 

André Gustavo Moura Guimarães, Universidade do Estado do Pará

PhD in Rehabilitation Sciences from the Nove de Julho University (UNINOVE). Master's degree in Planning and Public Policies from the Universidade Estadual do Ceará (State University of Ceará) (UECE) in 2010. Specialist in Pneumofunctional Physiotherapy from the Universidade Estadual do Pará (State University of Pará) (UEPA) in 1999. Graduated in Physiotherapy from the Universidade Estadual do Pará (State University of Pará) (UEPA) in 1996.

 

References

ALBERT EISTEIN, Sociedade Beneficente Israelita Brasileira. Manejo Coronavírus (COVID-19). São Paulo, 30 jun. 2023. Disponível em: https://medicalsuite.einstein.br/pratica-medica/Documentos%20Doencas%20Epidemicas/Manejo-de-casos-suspeitos-de-sindrome-respiratoria-pelo-COVID-19.pdf.

ALMEIDA, P. D. et al. Cuidados de enfermagem ao recém-nascido no contexto da pandemia da COVID-19: revisão integrativa. Research, Society and Development, v. 11, n. 17, p. e200111736373, 25 dez. 2022. Disponível em: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/366583506_Cuidados_de_enfermagem_ao_recem-nascido_no_contexto_da_pandemia_da_COVID-19_revisao_integrativa.

ARAUJO, J. P. et al. Um olhar para o recém-nascido com covid-19: revisão integrativa. Online Brazilian Journal of Nursing, v. 20, 5 maio 2021. Disponível em: https://pesquisa.bvsalud.org/portal/resource/pt/biblio-1223174.

BENTLIN, M. R. et al. Coronavírus e Recém-nascido: O que se sabe até o momento? Versão 3. São Paulo: 2020. Disponível em: https://www.spsp.org.br/PDF/SPSP-DC%20Neonatologia-Covid-vers%C3%A3o3-25.09.2020.pdf.

BEOZZO, G. P. N. S.et al. Neonatal manifestations in COVID-19 patients at a Brazilian tertiary center Clinics. Clinics, v. 75, p. e2407, 1 jan. 2020. Disponível em: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7654941/.

BLENCOWE, H. et al. Born too soon: the global action report on preterm birth. Reproductive Health, v. 10, p. 112, 2013. Disponível em: https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789241503433.

CHEN, Z. et al. Diagnosis and treatment recommendations for pediatric respiratory infection caused by the 2019 novel coronavirus. World Journal of Pediatrics, v. 16, n. 3, p. 240–246, 1 jun. 2020. Disponível em: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32026148/.

COLLETI JUNIOR, J. et al. High-flow nasal cannula as a post-extubation respiratory support strategy in preterm infants: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Jornal de Pediatria, v. 96, n. 4, p. 422–431, 1 jul. 2020. Disponível em: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31951817/.

CUI, X. et al. A systematic review and meta-analysis of children with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Journal of Medical Virology, v. 93, n. 2, p. 1057–1069, 1 fev. 2021. Disponível em: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32761898/.

DA SILVA, R. M.M. et al. Factors related to duration of hospitalization and death in premature newborns*. Revista da Escola de Enfermagem, v. 55, p. 1–8, 2021. Disponível em: https://www.scielo.br/j/reeusp/a/dvLJw65r6CLCHfX54S7NTcN/.

DE FREITAS, B. H. B. M.; ALVES, M. D. S. M.; GAÍVA, M. A. M. Prevention and control measures for neonatal COVID-19 infection: a scoping review. Revista Brasileira de Enfermagem. Associação Brasileira de Enfermagem, v. 73, p.e20200467, 2020. Disponível em: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32667573/.

GIULIANI, F. et al. Effects of prenatal exposure to maternal COVID-19 and perinatal care on neonatal outcome: results from the INTERCOVID Multinational Cohort Study. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, v. 227, n. 3, p. 488.e1-488.e17, 1 set. 2022. Disponível em: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35452653/.

GRUENDING, A. et al. Born too soon Decade of action on preterm birth. Geneva: World Health Organization, 2023. v. 1. Disponível em: https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789240073890.

HOSPITAIS UNIVERSITÁRIOS FEDERAIS. Protocolo de manejo do COVID-19 neonatal - HU/UFSC/EBSERH. Hospitais Universitários Federais. [s.l: s.n.]. Disponível em: https://www.gov.br/ebserh/pt-br/hospitais-universitarios/regiao-sul/hu-ufsc/saude/covid-19/protocolos-e-planos-de-contingencia.

KOSTENZER, J. et al. Neonatal care during the COVID-19 pandemic - a global survey of parents’ experiences regarding infant and family-centred developmental care. eClinicalMedicine, v. 39, 1 set. 2021. Disponível em: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34401688/.

LIMA, S. S. et al. Aspectos clínicos de recém-nascidos admitidos em Unidade de Terapia Intensiva de hospital de referência da Região Norte do Brasil. ABCS Health Sciences, v. 40, n. 2, 4 ago. 2015. Disponível em: https://pesquisa.bvsalud.org/portal/resource/pt/lil-754816.

MOTTA, A. S. V. et al. Type of delivery and perinatal outcomes in pregnant women diagnosed with COVID-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis. European Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Reproductive Biology, v. 292, p. 112–119, 1 jan. 2024. Disponível em: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0301211523008254.

ONCEL, M. Y. et al. A multicenter study on epidemiological and clinical characteristics of 125 newborns born to women infected with COVID-19 by Turkish Neonatal Society. European Journal of Pediatrics, v. 180, p. 733–742, 2021. Disponível em: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32776309/.

PAVÃO, A. L. et al. Considerações Diagnostico Laboratorial Pandemia. Observatótio COVID-19 Informação para ação Fiocruz, p. 1–20, 2020. Disponível em: https://portal.fiocruz.br/documento/nota-tecnica-consideracoes-sobre-o-diagnostico-laboratorial-da-covid-19-no-brasil.

PONTUAL, M. P. et al. Premature birth and COVID-19: an integrative review/ Nascimento prematuro e COVID-19: uma revisão integrativa. Brazilian Journal of Health Review, v. 4, n. 4, p. 1490214911, 11 jul. 2021. Disponível em: https://ojs.brazilianjournals.com.br/ojs/index.php/BJHR/article/view/32754.

RAJAPAKSE, N.; DIXIT, D. Human and novel coronavirus infections in children: a review. Paediatrics and International Child Health, v. 41, n. 1, p. 36–55, 2021. Disponível em: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32584199/.

SANTOS, A. O.; BARROS, F. P. C.; DELDUQUE, M. C. A pesquisa em saúde no Brasil: desafios a enfrentar. Saúde em Debate, v. 43, n. spe5, p. 126–136, 2019. Disponível em: https://www.scielo.br/j/sdeb/a/3LJkC87H3XNw99Zq7zcDVwH/.

SANTOS, C. A. D. et al. Maternal and Neonatal Outcomes Associated with Mild COVID-19 Infection in an Obstetric Cohort in Brazil. American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, v. 107, n. 5, p. 1060–1065, 1 nov. 2022. Disponível em: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36252801/.

SARMAN, A.; TUNCAY, S. Principles of approach to suspected or infected patients related Covid-19 in newborn intensive care unit and pediatric intensive care unit. Perspectives in Psychiatric Care. v. 57, n. 2, p. 957-964, 1 abr. 2021. Disponível em: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33184910/.

SMITH, V. et al. Maternal and neonatal outcomes associated with COVID-19 infection: A systematic review. PLoS ONE, v. 15, n. 6, 1 jun. 2020. Disponível em: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32497090/.

VARDHELLI, V. et al. Perinatal COVID-19: review of current evidence and practical approach towards prevention and management. European Journal of Pediatrics, v. 180, p. 1009–1031, 2021. Disponível em: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33184730/.

WALD, E. R.; SCHMIT, K. M.; GUSLAND, D. Y. A Pediatric Infectious Disease Perspective on COVID-19. Clinical infectious diseases: an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, v. 72, n. 9, p. 1660–1666, 2021. Disponível em: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32766824/.

YUE, G. et al. Risk factors of mechanical ventilation in premature infants during hospitalization. Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management, v. 17, p. 777–787, 2021. Disponível em: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8331080/.

Downloads

Published

2024-05-10

How to Cite

MARTINS , P. M. do E. S.; MALAQUIAS, L. C.; GUIMARÃES, A. G. M. Profile of suspected cases of COVID-19 in a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit: treatment and clinical outcome. Gestão & Cuidado em Saúde, Fortaleza, v. 1, n. 1, p. e11949, 2024. Disponível em: https://revistas.uece.br/index.php/gestaoecuidado/article/view/11949. Acesso em: 24 aug. 2024.

Issue

Volume 1 - Issue #1

Section

Articles

Categories

License

Copyright (c) 2024 Polyana Maria do Espírito Santo Martins , Lorenna Costa Malaquias, André Gustavo Moura Guimarães

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.