Structural Characterization of the Follicle Stimulating Hormone and its role in the physiology of ovarian cells

Abstract

The follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) is a heterodimeric glycoprotein synthesized and secreted in the pituitary anterior portion (adenohypophysis). The FSH perfonns important actions in the later stages of follicular development and maturation. The FSH exerts multiple functions such as the activation of more than 100 genes encoding different answers. The action of FSH is restricted to the granulosa cells. This gonadotropin acts through the activation of the enzyme adenylate cyclase in the plasma membrane, which forms AMPc from ATP. The AMPc promotes metabolic changes that characterize the gonadotropic action, usually through the phosphorylation of protein kinases. During the physiological process of ovulation, estrogens enhance the stimulatory effect of FSH and cause the release of FSH/LH required for ovulation . The mature follicle itself is responsible for ovulation, as it secrets estradiol, hormone responsible for the pre-ovulatory peak of LH, resulting in ovulation. Thus, the addition of FSH to the culture media characterizes important actions, as the follicular development and the ovulation process. Thus, the revision of the objective was to describe the role of FSH and its mechanism of action and receptor in ovarian follicular development. And as well as the effect of this on survival, activation and follicular growth.