BONE AND PULMONARY METASTASIS FROM A MAMMARY ADENOSQUAMOUS CARCINOMA IN A BITCH
Keywords:
Dog, Mammary gland, Bone metastasis, Squamous metaplasiaAbstract
Mammary tumors are the most common in bitches, and bone and pulmonary metastases are not well described. Adenosquamous mammary carcinoma is a rare tumor that can be classified as a type of metaplastic tumor. This report describes the clinical and histopathological findings of this atypical presentation of mammary carcinoma in an 11-year-old, spayed, Poodle. Surgery was performed to remove malignant mammary nodules with a provisional diagnosis of carcinoma on cytologic examination. Thirteen months later, the dog returned showing left pelvic limb lameness that had persisted for 6 months prior to the consultation. The patient showed right pelvic limb lameness and a mass in the same limb. Radiographs of the affected limb revealed a pathological fracture in the femoral diaphysis and proliferation of the periosteum. After clinical staging, a left pelvic limb amputation was performed. A diagnosis of grade II adenosquamous mammary carcinoma was made through histopathology and immunohistochemistry. Although uncommon, bone and pulmonary metastases from mammary tumors, such as adenosquamous carcinoma, can be considered differential diagnoses for bony tumors. This report highlights the aggressive nature and significant metastatic potential of the adenosquamous carcinoma.
References
CASSALI, G.D.; LAVALLE, G.E.; FERREIRA, E.; ESTRELA-LIMA, A.; NARDI, A.B. Consensus for the diagnosis, prognosis and treatment of canine mammary tumors. Brazilian Journal of Veterinary Pathology, v.7, n.2, p.38-69, 2014.
COOLEY, D.M.; WATERS, D.J. Skeletal Metastasis as the Initial Clinical Manifestation of Metastatic Carcinoma in 19 Dogs. Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine, v.12, n.4, p.288-293, 1988.
CROUCHER, P.; MCDONALD, M.; MARTIN, T. Bone metastasis: the importance of the neighbourhood. Nature Reviews Cancer, v.16, n.6, p.373–386, 2016.
DE NARDI, A.B.; FERREIRA, T.M.M.R.; ASSUNÇÃO, K.A. Neoplasias mamárias. In: DALECK, C.R.; DE NARDI, A.B. (Ed). Oncologia em cães e gatos. 2nd ed., São Paulo: Roca, p.545-556, 2016.
FERREIRA, E.; BREGUNCI, G.C.; SCHIMT, F.C.; CASSALI, G.D. Protocol for the anatomopathological examination of canine mammary tumors. Arquivo Brasileiro deMedicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, v.55, p.105-09, 2003.
GOLDCHMIDT, M.H.; PEÑA, L.; ZAPULLI, V. Tumors of the mammary gland. In: MEUTEN, D.J. Tumors in Domestic Animals. 5a ed., Ames: John Wiley & Sons, p.731-773, 2017.
KO, C.J.; LEFFELL, D.J.; MCNIFF, J.M. Adenosquamous carcinoma: a report of nine cases with p63 and cytokeratin 5/6 staining. Journal of Cutaneous Pathology, v.36, n.4, p.448-452, 2009.
LEE, J.H.; LEE, J.G.; YOON, H.Y.; KIM, N.A.; SUR, J.H.; JEONG, S.W. Hypertrophic Osteopathy Associated with Pulmonary Adenosquamous Carcinoma in a Dog. Journal of Veterinary Medical Science, v.74, n.5, p.667-672, 2012.
MORELLO, E.; MARTANO, M.; BURACCO, P. Biology, diagnosis and treatment of canine appendicular osteosarcoma: similarities and differences with human osteosarcoma. The Veterinary Journal, v.189, n.3, p.268-277, 2010.
RASOTTO, R.; BERLATO, D.; GOLDSCHMIDT, M.H.; ZAPPULLI, V. Prognostic Significance of Canine Mammary Tumor Histologic Subtypes: An Observational Cohort Study of 229 Cases. Veterinary Pathology, v.54, n.4, p.571-578, 2017.
SALAS, Y.; MÁRQUEZ, A.; DIAZ, D.; ROMERO, L. Epidemiological study of mammary tumors in female dogs diagnosed during the period 2002-2012: A Growing Animal Health Problem. PLoS ONE, v.10, n.5, p.e0127381, 2015.
SANTANA, A.E.; SELI, M.C.; GAMA, F.G.V.; SOBREIRA, M.F.R.; CANESIN, A.P.M.N.; SANTANA, L.A.S. Citologia aspirativa por agulha fina aplicada ao estudo das Neoplasias. In: DALECK, C.R.; DE NARDI, A.B. (Ed). Oncologia em cães e gatos. 2nd ed., São Paulo: Roca, p.112-133, 2016.
SIMMONS, J.K.; HILDRETH, B.E.; SUPSAVHAD, S.M.; ELSHAFAE, S.M.; HASSAAN, B.B.; DIRKSEN, W.P.; TORIBIO, R.E.; ROSOL, T.J. Animal Models of Bone Metastasis. Veterinary Pathology, v.52, n.5, p.827-41, 2015.
SORENMO, K.U.; WORLEY, D.R.; ZAPULLI, V. Tumors of the mammary gland. In: VAIL, D.M.; THAM, D.H.; LIPTAK, J.M. Withrow and MacEwen’s Small Animal Clinical Oncology. 6a ed., St Louis: Saunders, p.604-625, 2019.
TOLEDO, G.N.; MOREIRA, P.R.R.; ROLEMBERG, D.S.; FACIN, A.C.; MONTEIRO, J.E.H.; MENEZES, M.P.; CONCEIÇÃO, M.E.B.A.M.; SUEIRO, F.A.R.; VASCONCELOS, R.O.; MORAES, P.C. Intranasal Osteosarcoma in a Dog: A Case Report. Topics in Companion Animal Medicine, v.2, n.2, p.35-39, 2018.
TROST, M.E.; INKELMANN, M.A.; GALIZA, G.J.N.; SILVA, T.M.; KOMMERS, G.D. Occurrence of tumors metastatic to bones and multicentric tumors with skeletal involvement in dogs. Journal of Comparative Pathology, v.150, n.1, p.8-17, 2014.
