Spermatic and physiological parameters variation of boars created in semi-arid climate
Keywords:
Environment, Sperm quality, Scrotal temperature, TestosteroneAbstract
This study aimed to verify the influence of environmental variations on sperm, physiological parameters and serum testosterone levels in boars. Eight crossbred boars were used (12 and 36 months), subjected to weekly semen collections. The following data were collected: temperature (TA), relative humidity (UA), temperature-humidity index (UTI), concentration, volume, total sperm, spermatic vigor and motility, rectal temperature (RT), scrotal temperature (TE) and serum testosterone levels. The 18 experimental months were divided into quarters: July to September; October to December; January to March; April to June and the breeders were distributed in three age groups 12, 24 and 36 months. Higher TA and ITU averages were recorded in the E2 period. While lower TA, UA and ITU were observed in periods E1 and E5. An effect of the quarter-age interaction of the boars was observed for all variables analyzed, except for sperm vigor, which was affected only by the age of the males (p<0.05) and for testosterone levels that did not differ between quarters or between age groups. Lower sperm concentrations were observed in E5 for boars with 12 and 24 months (p<0.05). Younger animals produced a lower volume of semen at E2 to E4. In the warmest period (E2), there was a reduction in the total semen sperm cells and motility in young animals. Higher means of scrotal and rectal temperature were observed in periods E2 and E3 in boars of different ages, whereas the lowest values were recorded in E5, which corresponded to the period with the lowest UTI. Environmental conditions can influence sperm and physiological parameters of boars, so they must be considered to ensure uniform sperm production throughout the year.
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