Induction of estrus and methods for control of estrous cycle in bitches
Keywords:
Canine reproduction, estrous induction, dopamine agonist, GnRHAbstract
Studies on the manipulation of estrous cycle in bitches have increased significantly over the years. With the commercial breeding of dogs gaining prominence internationally, there has been a need for improvement of the reproductive management of these animals, as well as the treatment of conditions which are detrimental to bitches’ fertility. Another reason is that domestic dogs can also act as experimental models to several species of wild dogs and to man. This has been associated with a greater availability of estrus-induction pharmacological drugs, such as dopamine agonists, GnRH analogue and protocols with gonadotropin, such as eCG. Efficient manipulation of the estrous cycles is of great importance for the improvement of the reproductive biotechnology in this species. Notwithstanding the advances in research, the drugs have not yet been sufficiently tested in order to have their action fully understood, nor to identify their strengths and weakness. This literature review aims to expand the information on subject, addressing aspects related to the reproductive physiology and endocrinology in bitches, as well as the main modulators of the estrous cycle, pointing out their effects and differences and providing information for the creation of new efficient protocols for induction of estrus in those animals.
References
ALVAREZ-CLAU, A.; LISTE, F. Ultrasonographic characterization of the uterine artery in the nonestrus bitch. Ultrasound in Medicine & Biology, v.31, n.12, p.1583-1587. 2005.
APPARÍCIO M.; MOSTACHIO G.Q.; MOTHEO T.F.; PADILHA, A.E.; ALVES, A.E.; PIRES BUTLER, E.A.; VICENTE, W.R.R. Maturação in vitro de oócitos caninos. Revista Brasileira de Reprodução Animal, Belo Horizonte, v.35, p.16-25, 2011.
APPARÍCIO, M.; VICENTE, W.R.R. Desenvolvimento embrionário e transferência de embriões em cadelas. Revista Brasileira de Reprodução Animal, Belo Horizonte, v.39, n.1, p.146-149, 2015.
CIRIT, U.; BACINOGLU, S.; CANGUL, I.T.; KAYA, H.H.; TAS, M.; AK, K. The effects
of a low dose of cabergoline on induction of estrus and pregnancy rates in anestrous bitches. Animal Reproduction Science, v.101, p.134–44, 2007.
CONCANNON, P.W. Methods for induction of estrus in dogs using gonadotropins, GnRH or dopamine agonists. In: World Small Animal Veterinary Association Congress, Granada, Espanha, p.582-584, 2002.
CONCANNON, P.W. Reproductive cycles of the domestic bitch. Animal Reproduction Science, v.124, p.200-210, 2011.
CONCANNON, P.W.; TEMPLE, M.; MONTANEZ, A.; NEWTON, L. Effects of dose and duration of continuous GnRHagonist treatment on induction of estrus in beagle dogs: Competing and concurrent up-regulation and downregulation of LH release. Theriogenology, v.66, p.1488-1496, 2006.
CONCANNON PW, VERSTEGEN J. Estrus Induction in Dogs: Approaches, Protocols and Applications. College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University Ithaca, NY, USA; 2005. Acesso em 25 novembro de 2019. Disponível em: https://www.vin.com/apputil/content/defaultadv1.aspx?id=3854216&pid=11196.
DERUSSI, A.A.P.; LOPES, M.D. Fisiologia da ovulação, da fertilização e do desenvolvimento embrionário inicial na cadela. Revista Brasileira de Reprodução Animal, Belo Horizonte, v.33, n.4, p.231-237, 2009.
DOMINGUES, S.F.S.; CALDAS-BUSSIERE, M.C.; MARTINS, N.D.; CARVALHO, R.A. Ultrasonographic imaging of the reproductive tract and surgical recovery of oocytes in Cebus apella (capuchin monkeys). Theriogenonogy, v.68, p.1251-1259, 2007.
EKER, K.; SALMANOGLU, M.R. Ultrasonographic Monitoring of Follicular Development, Ovulation and Corpora lutea Formation in a Bitch. Turk Journal of Veterinary Animal Science, v.30, p.589-592, 2006.
FELDMAN, E.C.; NELSON, R.W. Canine and feline endocrinology and reproduction. 3a ed., 23 Philadelphia: W.B Saunders, p.752-774, 2004.
FONTAINE E., FONTBONNE A. Clinical use of GnRH agonists in canine and feline species. Reproduction in Domestic Animal, v.46, p.344-353, 2011.
GOBELLO, C. Dopamine agonists, anti-progestins, anti-androgens, long-term-release GnRH agonists and anti-estrogens in canine reproduction:a review. Theriogenology, v.66, p.1560-1567, 2006.
GOBELLO, C.; CASTEX, G.; CORRADA, Y. Use of cabergoline to treat primary and secondary anoestrus in dogs. Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association, v.220, p.1653-1654, 2002.
GONÇALVES, P.B.D.; FIGUEIREIDO, R.J.; FREITAS, F.J.V. Biotécnicas aplicadas à
reprodução animal, 2ª ed., p.181-189, editora Roca Ltda., São Paulo, Brasil, 2008.
HAFEZ, E.S.E.; HAFEZ, B. Reprodução Animal. 7ª ed., São Paulo: Manole, p.37-38, 2004.
JOHNSTON, S.D.; ROOT-KUSTRITZ, M.V.; OLSON, P.N.S. Canine and Feline
Theriogenology. Philadelphia, W. B. Saunders, 2001. In: SILVA, A.R.; CARDOSO, R.C.S.; SILVA, L.D.M. Principais aspectos ligados a aplicação da inseminação artificial na espécie canina, Revista Portuguesa de Ciências Veterinárias, v.110, ed.595-596, p.53-60, Portugal, 2003.
KOSTER, K.; NAUTRUP, C.P.; GUNZEL-APEL, A.R. A Doppler ultrasonographic study of cyclic changes of ovarian perfusion in the Beagle bitch. Reproduction. v.122, p.453-461. 2001.
KUSTRITZ, M.V.R. Managing the reproductive cycle in the bitch. Vet. Clin. Small Anim., v. 22, p. 423-437, 2012.
KUTZLER, M. A. Estrous Cycle Manipulation in Dogs. condition in the cat and dog. Veterinary Clinics of North America: Small Animal Practice, v.48, p.581-594, 2018.
KUTZLER, M.A. Estrus induction and synchronization in canids and felids. Theriogenology, v.68, p.354-374, 2007.
KUTZLER, M.A. Induction and synchronization of estrus in dogs. Theriogenology, v.64, p.766–775, 2005.
KUTZLER, M.A.; LAMB S.V.; VOLKMANN, D. Comparison between vestibular and subcutaneous insertion of deslorelin implants for oestrus induction in bitches. Reproduction in Domestic Animal, v.44, suppl.2, p.83-86, 2009.
LANNA, L.L, MARQUES JR, A.P. DOUGLAS, R.H. Efeito de deslorelina na indução do estro em cadelas anestro. Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, v.62, n.3, p.615-621, 2010.
LUVONI, G.C.; CHIGIONI S.; ALLIEVI, E.; MACIS, D. Factors involved in vivo and in vitro maturation of canine oocytes. Theriogenology, v.63, p.41-59, 2005.
MCLEAN, S.; BRANDON, S.; KIRKWOOD, R. Stability of cabergoline in fox baits in laboratory and field conditions. Wildlife Research, v.34, p.239–46, 2007.
OLIVEIRA, E.C.S.; MARQUES JÚNIOR, A.P.; NEVES, M.M. Endocrinologia
reprodutiva e controle da fertilidade na cadela – Revisão. Archives of Veterinary Science, v.8, n.1, p.1-12, 2003.
PAULA, M.C. Indução do estro em cadela (Canis familiaris): aspectos clínico, comportamental e hormonal. 2009, 77p. Dissertação do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina Veterinária, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia da UEP, Botucatu.
RASKIN, R.E.; MEYER, D.J. Atlas da Citologia Canina e Felina. Filadélfia, 1a ed., WB Saunders Co, p.277-312, 2001.
RENSIS, F.; SPATTINI, G.; BALLABIO, R.; SCARAMUZZI, R.J. The effect of
administering a dopamine agonist (cabergoline) on follicular and luteal development during proestrus and estrus in the female greyhound. Theriogenology, v.66, p.887–95, 2006.
REZENDE, R.S.; EURIDES, D.; BARBOSA, C.P.; LACERDA, M.S.; SAMPAIO, R.L.;
GOMES, A.L. Use of a GnRH synthetic analog (buserelin) for estrous induction in female dogs. Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, v.70, n.3, p.656-660, 2018.
RIBEIRO, A.P.C; VICENTE, W.R.R; SANTOS, I.W.; PIRES, E.A.; ALVES, A.E.;
APPARÍCIO, M. Gonadotrofinas na indução do estro em cadelas. Rev. Bras. Saúde e Produção Animal, v.8, n.4, p.324-334, 2007.
ROMAGNOLI, S.; STELLETTA, C.; MILANI, C.; GELLI, D.; FALOMO, M.; MOLLO,
A. Clinical use of deslorelin for the control of reproduction in the bitch. Reproduction in Domestic Animal, v.44, p.36-39, 2009.
ROTA, A.; MOLLO, A.; MARINELLI, L.; GABAI, G.; VICENTI, L. Evaluation of
Cabergoline and Buserelin Efficacy for Oestrous Induction in the Bitch. Reproduction in Domestic Animal, v.38, p.440-443, 2003.
SILVA, A.R.; CARDOSO, R.C.S.; SILVA, L.D.M. Principais aspectos ligados a aplicação da inseminação artificial na espécie canina, Revista Portuguesa de Ciências Veterinárias, v.110, ed.595-596, p.53-60, 2003.
SILVA, L.D.M. Controle do Ciclo Estral em Cadelas. Revista Brasileira de Reprodução Animal, Belo Horizonte, v.40, n.4, p.180-187, 2016.
STORNELLI, M.C.; GARCÍA MITACEK, M.C.; GIMÉNEZ, F.; BONAURA, M.C.; VIDELA DORNA, I.; DE LA SOTA, R.L.; STORNELLI, M.A. Pharmacokinetics of eCG
and induction of fertile estrus in bitches using eCG followed by hCG. Theriogenology, v.78, p.1056-1064, 2012.
UCHOA, D.C.; SILVA, T.F.P.; FILHO, A.C.M.; SILVA, L.D.M. Criopreservação de
sêmen e inseminação artificial em cães, Fortaleza CE, 2012. In: Congresso Norte e Nordeste de Reprodução Animal, UECE, Ciência Animal, v.22, p.132-142, 2012.
VERMEULEN, M.A.E. Ovarian color-Doppler ultrasonography to predict ovulation in the bitch. 2009. Acesso em 08 de junho de 2018. Disponível em [http://dspace.library.uu.nl/bitstream/handle/1874/35523/Verslag%20Marrit%20Vermeule n.pdf?sequence=1].
WILBORN, R.R.; MAXWELL, H.S. Clinical Approaches to Infertility in the Bitch. Veterinary Clinics of North America: Small Animal Practice, v.42, p.457-468, 2012.
