Use of propofol in total intravenous anesthesia in horses
Keywords:
TIVA, horses, propofolAbstract
Equine anesthesia has a high mortality rate compared to other animal species and human beings, partly due to the widespread use of inhalation agents as the only anesthetic agent, developing major cardiovascular and respiratory depression. Total intravenous anesthesia (TIVA), with the use of intravenous anesthetics and analgesics exclusively, has propofol as the main agent and may be a good option for the use of volatile anesthetics. The pharmacokinetic properties of propofol allow rapid recovery after intravenous bolus or when administered by continuous infusion, with coordinated and calm attempts to achieve sternal decubitus, quadrupedal position and minimal ataxia. However, it is considered an insufficient anesthetic agent when used alone, as it has an unsatisfactory analgesic effect, moderate to severe respiratory depression and hypotension, unpredictability in induction such as arousal, and the high volumes required for induction and maintenance. Thus, combining propofol with various sedative and analgesic drugs may provide an alternative method for improving the quality and safety of anesthesia in horses and potentially decreasing the total required drug dose. The aim of this literature review is to approach the use of propofol in total intravenous anesthesia in horses, considering the importance of a better knowledge of the technique in this species, since the data in the literature are still few when compared to other animal species.
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