Filamentous fungi isolated from the coat of clinically healthy rabbits and guinea pigs in the city of Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
Keywords:
dermatomycoses, publichealth, zoonosisAbstract
Zoonotic fungi associated with tissues of domestic animals are potential risks to public health. The objective of this work was to identify the main filamentous fungi associated with the hair of clinically healthy rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) and guinea pigs (Cavia porcellus) in the city of Salvador, Bahia, Brazil. The hair samples were collected from 18 guinea pigs and 6 domiciled rabbits, from juveniles to adults and from different homes. Samples were collected from the dorsal, ventral and caudal of the ear tip, using the technique of manual plucking. Cultivation was performed in Dermatobac® medium according to the laboratory routine. The fungi isolated from guinea pigs were Tricophytonmentagrophytes (66.6%), Aspergillus spp. (44.4%), Penicillium spp. (5.5%), Mucor spp. (5.5%) and Litcheimia (5.5%); and in rabbits Tricophytonmentagrophytes (50%), Curvularia spp. (50%), Penicillium spp. (11.1%) and Aspergillus spp. (11.1%). All fungi isolated have zoonotic potential, which should be considered as a criterion for assessing public health and for breeding by immunocompromised contacts.
References
ALVES, R.C.; FERREIRA, J.S.; ALVES, A.S.; MAIA, L.A.; DUTRA, V.; SOUZA, A.P.; GALIZA, G.J.N.; DANTAS A.F.M. SystemicandGastrohepaticMucormycosis in Dogs. JournalofComparativePathology, v.175, n.1, p.90-94, 2020.
BOVE-SEVILLA, P.M.; MAYORGA-RODRÍGUEZ, J.; HERNÁNDEZ-HERNÁNDEZ, O. Sporotrichosistransmittedby a domesticcat: Case report. Medicina Cutánea Ibero-Latino-Americana, v.36, n.1, p.33–35, 2008
CABAÑES, F.J.; VEJA, S.; CASTELLÁ, G. Malasseziacuniculi sp. nov., a novel yeastspeciesisolatedfromrabbitskin. Medical MycologyJanuary, v.49, n.1, p.40–48, 2011.
CAMPBELL, J.J.; COYNER, K.S.; RANKIN, S.C.;THOMAS, P.L.; SCHICK, A.E.; SHUMAKER, A.K. Evaluationoffungal flora in normal anddiseasedcanineears.VeterinaryDermatology, v.21, n.6, p.619-625,2010.
CHERMPRAPAI, S.; EDERVEEN, T.H.A.; BROERE, F.; BROENS, E.M.; SCHLOTTER, Y.M.; SCHALKWIJK, S.V.; BOEKHORST, J.; HIJUM, S.V.H.; RUTTEN, V. The bacterialandfungalmicrobiomeoftheskinofhealthy dogs and dogs withatopicdermatitisandtheimpactof topical antimicrobialtherapy, anexploratorystudy.VeterinaryMicrobiology, v.229, n.2, p.90–99, 2019.
COELHO, A.C.; ALEGRIA, N.; RODRIGUES, J. Isolamento de dermatófitos em animais domésticos em Vila Real, Portugal. Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, v.60, n.4, p.1017-1020, 2008.
D’OVIDIO, D.; GRABLE, S.L.; FERRARA, M.; SANTORO, D. Prevalenceofdermatophytesandother superficial fungalorganisms in asymptomaticguineapigs in Southern Italy. JournalofSmall Animal Practice, v.55, n.7, p.355-358, 2014.
DONNELLY, T.M.; RUSH, E.M.; LACKNEG, P.A. Ringworm in smallexotic pets. Seminars in AvianandExotic Pet Medicine, v.9, n.2, p.82-93, 2000.
FERNANDES, Y.B.; RAMINA, R.; BORGES, G.; QUEIROZ, L.S.; MALDAUN, M.V.C.; MACIEL, JR.J.A. Orbital apexsyndromeduetoaspergillosis: case report.Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria,v.59, n.3, p.806-808, 2001.
FERREIRA, R.R.; FERREIRO, L.; SPANAMBERG, A.; DRIEMEIER, D.; MACHADO, M.L.S.; BIANCHI, S.P.; SCHMIDT, D.; GUILLOT, J. CanineSinonasalAspergillosis, Acta ScientiaeVeterinariae, v.39, n.4, p.1-6, 2011.
HOFFMANN, A.R. The cutaneousecosystem: the roles oftheskinmicrobiome in healthand its associationwithinflammatoryskinconditions in humansandanimals. Clinical Consensus Guidelinesofthe World Association for VeterinaryDermatology, v.28, n.1, p.60-70, 2017.
IORIO, R.; CAFARCHIA, C.; CAPELLI, G.; FASCIOCCO, D.; OTRANTO, D.; GIANGASPERO, A. Dermatophytoses in catsandhumans in central Italy: epidemiologicalaspects. Mycoses, v.50, n.6, p.491–495, 2007.
IRVINE, L.; CILIA, L. More‐than‐humanfamilies: Pets, people, andpractices in multispecieshouseholds. Wiley, v.11, n.2, p.1-13, 2017.
IVASKIENE, M.; SIUGZDAITE, J.; ALGIMANTAS, M.; AIDAS, G.; GINTARAS, Z.; SPAKAUSKAS, V. Isolationoffungal flora fromthehaircoatsofclinicallyhealthy dogs andcats. Veterinarija ir Zootechnika, v.45, n.67, p.13-19, 2009.
KAUFMAN, G.; HORWITZ, B.A.; DUEK, L.; ULLMAN, Y.; BERDICEVSKY, I. InfectionstagesofthedermatophytepathogenTrichophyton: microscopiccharacterizationandproteolyticenzymes. Medical Mycology, v.45, n.2, p.149-155, 2007.
KRAEMER, A.; MUELLER, R.S.; WERCKENTHIN, C.; STRAUBINGER, R.K.; HEIN, J. Dermatophytes in pet Guineapigsandrabbits. VeterinaryMicrobiology, v.157, n.1, p.208-213, 2012.
MOHAMMED, A.P.; DHUNPUTH, P.; CHILUKA, R.; UMAKANTH, S. Anunusual case ofinvasiveaspergillosis in animmunocompetent individual. BMJcasereports, n.1, p.1-5, 2015.
MORIELLO, K.A.; COYNER, K; PATERSON, S.; MIGNON, B. Diagnosisandtreatmentofdermatophytosis in dogs andcats. Clinical Consensus Guidelinesofthe World Association for VeterinaryDermatology, v.28, n.3, p.266-268, 2017.
NORITOMI, D.T.; BUB, G.L.; BEER, I.; SILVA, A.S.F.; CLEVA, R.; RODRIGUES, J.J.G. MultiplebrainabscessesduetoPenicilliumsppinfection. Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo, v.47,n.3, p.167-170, 2005.
PASQUETTI, M.; MIN, A.; SCACCHETTI, S.; DOGLIERO, A.; PEANO, A. InfectionbyMicrosporum canis in PaediatricPatients: A Veterinary Perspective.VeterinarySciences,v.4, n.3, p.46, 2017.
PATEL, A.; LLOYD, D.H.; LAMPORT, A.I. Surveyofdermatophytesonclinically normal cats in thesoutheastofEngland. JournalofSmall Animal Practice, v.46, n.1, p.436–439, 2005.
QIU, Y.; ZHANG, J.; LIU, G.; ZHONG, X.; DENG, J.; HE, Z.; JING, B. A case ofpenicilliummarneffeiinfectioninvolvingthemaintrachealstructure. BMC InfectiousDiseases, v.14,n.1, p.242-247, 2014.
REYNALDI, F.J; GIACOBONI, G.; CÓRDOBA, S.B.; ROMERO, J.; REINOSO, E.H.; ABRANTES, R. MucormycosisduetoSaksenaeavasiformis in a dog. Medical Mycology Case Reports, v.16, n.4, p.4-7, 2017.
ROCHA, M.E.B.; FREIRE, F.C.O.; GUEDES, M.I.F. Fungos Isolados a Partir de Rações Para Roedores Comercializadas na Cidade de Fortaleza – Ceará. Revista Brasileira de Higiene e Sanidade Animal, v.4, n.1, p.23–29, 2010.
SONG, S.J.; LAUBER, C.; COSTELLO, E.K.; LOZUPONE, C.A.; HUMPHREY, G.; LYONS, D.B.; CAPORASO, J.G.; KNIGHTS, D.; CLEMENTE, J.C.; NAKIELNY, S.; GORDON, J.I.; FIERER, N.; KNIGHT, R. Cohabitingfamilymembersshare microbiota withoneanotherandwiththeir dogs. Microbiologyandinfectiousdisease, v.2, n.1, p.1-22, 2013.
TAPLIN, D.; ZAIAS, N.; REBELL, G.; BLANK, H. IsolationandRecognitionofDermatophyteson a New Medium (DTM), ArchivesofDermatological, v.99, n.2, p.203-209, 1969.
VAN CUTSEM, J.; VAN GERVEN, F.; FRANSEN, J.; JANSSEN, P.A. Treatmentof experimental mucormycosis in guineapigswithazolesandwithamphotericin B. Chemotherapy, v.35, p.267–72, 1989.
VANGEEL, I.; PASMANS, F.; VANROBAEYS, M.; DE HERDT, P.; HAESEBROUCK, F. Prevalenceofdermatophytes in asymptomaticguineapigsandrabbits. Veterinary Record, v.146, n.4, p.440-441, 2000.
WAWRZKIEWICZ, K.; WOLSKI, T.; LOBARZEWSKI, J.Screeningthekeratinolyticactivityofdermatophytes in vitro. Mycopathologia, v.114, n.1, p.1-8, 1991.
XAVIER, M.O.; SALES, M.P.U.; CAMARGO, J.J.P.; PASQUALOTTO, A.C.; SEVERO, L.C.; Aspergillusnigercausingtracheobronchitisandinvasivepulmonaryaspergillosis in a lungtransplantrecipient: case report. Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical. v.41, n.2, p.200-201, 2008.
