Analysis of the mechanical resistance of different methods of sacroiliac joint fixation in a canine synthetic pelvis
Keywords:
Dislocation, Screw, Pin, Small animals, Fractura, TraumaAbstract
Sacroiliac dislocations are frequent in the orthopedic routine of small animals and are usually accompanied by fractures in the other bones of the pelvis. In general, many of these dislocations are best treated through surgery with reduction and fixation of the sacroiliac joint, as it will lead to an early return to the patient's ambulation. To this end, the literature indicates the use of a single long compressive screw, whose length reaches 60% of the sacrum width, and when possible, the association of a second shorter screw. Knowing that this method is not so easy to perform and requires specific material, such as a box of plates, this project aimed to test different methods of fixation of the sacroiliac joint in canine synthetic pelvis compare the resistance of each method through the traction test, in addition to the advantages and disadvantages between the implants, such as ease of application and costs. The methods tested were: G1 (fixation with a single threaded pin), G2 (fixation with a single compressive screw), G3 (fixation with a single neutral screw), G4 (fixation with a compressive screw + a neutral screw), and G5 (fixation with two neutral screws). Based on the results obtained, there is no difference in resistance when using only one neutral screw or double neutral screw, as well as a compressive screw associated with a neutral screw. The threaded pin proved to be the least resistant, although it was the easiest and quickest to apply and had the lowest cost.
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