Cytological evaluation and histopathological correlations in canine mammary tumors: diagnostic accuracy
Keywords:
Diagnosis, Accuracy, NeoplasiaAbstract
Mammary gland neoplasms exhibit a high prevalence in female dogs, encompassing over 50% of all tumors. Some factors such as breed, age, hormonal exposure, diet, and obesity may influence their development. The evaluation of mammary gland neoformations begins during clinical anamnesis and physical examination, and it is completed by the histopathological examination, considered the gold standard for diagnosis. In veterinary medicine, cytopathological analysis plays an important role in the initial assessment of these neoplasms, since it is a simple, fast, and low-cost exam, presenting minimum risks for the patient. Its application aims to define the nature of the neoplasm, providing a more targeted clinical and surgical approach. Among mammary gland neoplasms, studies have shown a predominance of malignant tumors, underscoring the significance of cytopathological examination to provide an early therapeutic intervention. The diagnostic accuracy of this technique is evaluated across various types of tissues, demonstrating less favorable precision for mammary tumors compared to others. Thus, the present study investigated the diagnostic accuracy of the fine needle aspiration cytology in mammary gland tumors in bitches compared to the histopathological examination, evaluating the sensitivity and specificity, as well as positive and negative predictive values associated with the technique.
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