Exercise testing in horses: useful tools for training adjustment
Keywords:
fitness, performance, lactate, heart rate, oxygen uptakeAbstract
The concept of variation in the ability to respond to exercise training and its relationship with athletic performance have been studied in horses and humans. Training adjustment may be a useful tool to reduce exercise-induced stress in horses during long-term training programs. Several tests and variables have been used to monitor physiological adaptations to exercise training, such as lactate, maximum oxygen uptake and heart rate. High training volume have been related to increase cardiorespiratory fitness rather than high intensities training programs, however there are cellular adaptations as buffering capacity and mitochondrial respiration which are reached with increased intensity exercise training. Inherent characteristics of the horse may be important limitations to training induced physiological adaptations, as the maximal heart rate, maximal oxygen uptake, and hemoglobin content. The aim of this review is to present useful tools to training adjustment in athletic horses, and a comparative analyses of physiological basis of training in horses and humans.
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