Neutrophilia and hypoalbuminemia in peripheral blood of dogs naturally infected by Leishmania infantum
Keywords:
Leishmania infantum, Canine leishmaniasis, leukocytes, albumin, inflammationAbstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the leukocyte and protein profile of dogs naturally infected by Leishmania infantum. For that, a bone marrow parasitological test and PCR were performed to identify Leishmania spp. Evaluation of clinical and dermatological signs was used to categorize and distribute dogs in three groups: control group (CG); asymptomatic group (AG) and symptomatic group (SG). Blood samples were collected for evaluation of hematological and biochemical parameters. The main clinical manifestations observed in SG were alopecia, onychogryphosis, keratoconjunctivitis and dermatitis. Leukocytosis and anemia were observed in SG and AG (p<0.05) when compared to CG. In SG were detected hyperproteinemia with hyperglobulinemia and hypoalbuminemia when compared to the other groups (p<0.05). The differential leukocytes count indicated neutrophilia and lymphopenia in SG when compared to AG and CG (p<0.05), and this result was confirmed by a neutrophil:lymphocyte ratio which was increased (p<0.05). We highlight an increase of mature segmented neutrophils in GS, but there is no change in immature neutrophils. Thus, animals naturally infected by L. infantum presented leukocytosis with neutrophilia and hypoalbuminemia characteristic of systemic changes associated to inflammatory process. However, a more in-depth investigation with a larger number of animals and earlier follow-up of CanL animals is necessary to evaluate the participation of immature neutrophils in this process.
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