Screening for second intention of cutaneous wounds in rats wistar with use of Stryphnodendron adstringens

Abstract

Recent research has described that the herbal extract of barbatimão contains phenolic compounds (tannins), that confer antimicrobial, antioxidant and astringent action by binding to proteins and polysaccharides, suggesting healing properties. In this sense, the present study aimed to evaluate the second intention healing of skin wounds treated with barbatimão. Fifteen healthy male rats weighing between 200 and 250g were used and submitted to two incisions: the Control Wound treated with 0.9% physiological solution and the Test Wound treated with barbatimão ointment. The animals were subdivided into three subgroups with five rats each: G1 biopsied on the 3rd postoperative day, G2 on day 7 and G3 on day 14. The evaluation of the wounds was done from the macro and microscopic point of view in the pre-determined periods. Histological sections stained by Hematoxylin Eosin (H.E) and Masson's Tricommium (T.M.) were performed after the biopsy. In the evaluation of the macroscopic findings, the parameters considered, appearance of the wound bed, presence of crusts, exudation and pruritus. Already for the histopathological changes were analyzed inflammatory cellular elements including fibroblasts, collagenization (collagen fibers), inflammatory cells and epithelialization. Regarding the macroscopic findings, it was noted that on the 3rd day there were no significant changes; on the 7th day, partial epithelialization and absence of crust on the Test Wounds were observed; at the 14th day the Control Wounds presented pruritus and complete epithelization and the Test Wound presented partial epithelialization without pruritus. As for the histopathological changes, it was observed that the inflammatory cells of Control Wounds with 3rd, 7th and 14th days were increased in relation to the Test Wound. As for fibroblasts and collagenization, they did not present alterations at the 3rd, 7th and 14th postoperative days. The reorganization of the fibers had a biological distinction between the 3rd, 7th and 14th days. Epithelialization on the 3rd day did not show any significant changes, on the 7th day the test wound showed partial epithelialization, on the 14th day both wounds showed complete epithelization. It is concluded that the treatment with barbatimão was shown to be more efficient due to the suppression of inflammation. However, due to its use in low doses of tannin did not optimize healing.