Sustainability in adoption of the pasture consortium and its influence on the milk properties
Keywords:
Unsaturated fatty acids, Biohydrogenation, CLA, LegumesAbstract
The use of intercropped grasses and legumes promotes a number of benefits to the entire production system. However, their employment is still modest and their benefits are constantly put to the test. In view of this, the purpose of this review is to promote the discussion about the use of intercropped pastures and their relationship with milk production, composition and nutritional characteristics, as well as their relationship with the sustainability of the system. In general, participation of 20 to 30% of legumes in the forage canopy is sufficient to promote increases in milk production compared to exclusively grass systems. This increase is related to the lower percentage of grazing fibers, which allows higher intake and dry matter digestibility. It should also be noted that these effects are not linear and that the percentages mentioned should guide the systems. As for the nutritional profile of milk, the levels of unsaturated fatty acids (AGI) are higher in the pasture than in the confined ones. However, research comparing the fatty acid profile of milk as a function of mixed or single pastures is generally less common, as legumes like cloves have secondary compounds that may facilitate the passage of AGI through the rumen without undergoing biohydrogenation. In addition, the use of intercropping pastures allows a reduction in the use of nitrogen fertilizers, an important aspect from the environmental point of view. The use of food systems based on intercropping grasses and legumes can mean improvements in the nutritional quality of milk, such as the increase in the percentage of AGI, which are strongly associated with a healthier diet.
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