Fish-farming and challenges of producing in regions with water scarcity
Keywords:
Irrigation channels, Multiple use, Semi-arid, Aquaponics, fluentAbstract
Aquaculture production has been increasing and by 2030 it should account for 50% of the fish supply worldwide, demonstrating the importance of this activity for food security. It also draws attention to the fact that water demand and scarcity is increasing. Therefore, in regions that experience water scarcity, such as semi-arid regions, it is essential to use water more efficiently. This work will address fish farming strategies that focus on the rational use of water. Among these strategies are: fish farming in multiple-use reservoirs; in irrigation canals; in conventional tanks, with or without water recirculation, and with reuse of effluent in fertigation of plants; aquaponics; fish farming in desalination waste water and involving the use of fish farming eluent in the fertigation of halophyte plants and the use of this in feeding goats/sheep. These models are dynamic, adjusting to local reality; are affordable from an economic point of view; and promote more efficient use of water. Furthermore, they contribute to food security, promoting jobs in the countryside and generating income.
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