CORONAVIROSES EM SUÍNOS
Palavras-chave:
Coronavírus, gastroenterite transmissível, diarreia epidêmica dos suínosResumo
Neste trabalho foi realizada uma revisão sobre as coronaviroses em suínos, mostrando suas diferentes características. A gastroenterite transmissível e diarreia epidêmica são doenças de grande importância, pois geram alta taxa de mortalidade em leitões lactentes e grande perda econômica. Esses vírus atingem os enterócitos, causando atrofia das vilosidades; os animais afetados apresentam diarreia aquosa, vômito, hiporexia e desidratação. Outros dois vírus surgiram recentemente, o delta coronavírus suíno e o vírus da síndrome da diarreia aguda suína, sendo que possuem patogenicidade e sinais clínicos semelhantes aos descritos nas doenças anteriores. Já o coronavírus respiratório suíno e o vírus da encefalomielite hemaglutinante possuem sinais clínicos distintos, o primeiro causa manifestação respiratória leve ou subclínica, e o segundo sinais neurológicos, vômito e emagrecimento, afetando, principalmente, animais com menos de quatro semanas. Como não existe tratamento específico para essas doenças, e as vacinas não conferem proteção total, um bom programa de biosseguridade é a principal forma de controlar e de prevenção.
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