Diálogos Interdisciplinares em Psiquiatria e Saúde Mental

Thanatology in psychiatry medical residency in a state in northeastern Brazil

2025-03-17T15:03:51-03:00

Objective: This study aims to present a successful experience of a systematic approach to the topic of death in a psychiatric residency in Brazil. Experience Report: The theoretical thanatology course of the medical residency program in psychiatry at the Hospital de Saúde Mental Professor Frota Pinto, in Fortaleza (Brazil) was created in 2018. The course is held every two years, with second and third year residents, and lasts three months. It is structured into three modules, each lasting eight hours. Important issues are addressed so that topics related to death do not carry so much stigma and can be treated more naturally in residents' professional practices. Over the years of the course, it has been observed that the objective has been achieved .Discussion: Talking about death continues to be a delicate subject for health professionals. In most Medical Schools, discussions on the topic are still rare. During medical residency in psychiatry, the subject remains little discussed and there are few opportunities for theoretical courses and practical internships in palliative care services for residents. In geriatric psychiatry residency, despite being a little more frequent, the approach to the theme of finitude remains insufficient. A patient's suicide is among the most stressful events during medical residency, and psychiatrists feel insufficiently prepared for this event. It is necessary for the psychiatry residency curriculum to include discussions about suicide and provide support for residents to deal with the subject.

Recommendations for Child Psychosocial Care Centers about the use of oral health services by children on the autism spectrum

2024-02-02T14:31:33-03:00

This is a technical note with recommendations to promote the use of oral health services by children on the autism spectrum treated at a Children's Psychosocial Care Center.

Bases for the training of psychiatrists through Medical Residency Programs in Psychiatry in the State of Ceará: contribution of the Ceará Society of Psychiatry - SOCEP.

2024-06-17T05:48:20-03:00

In this technical note, the Ceará Society of Psychiatry (SOCEP) presents its contribution to support the establishment of guidelines and competencies necessary for the training of psychiatry specialists in medical residency programs in the state of Ceará, highlighting the importance of inter-institutional partnerships that allow for diversified and collaborative training, aimed at qualifying professionals to work at different levels of mental health care. It was drawn up by the authors, psychiatrists full members, at the request of SOCEP, then discussed and approved by the board of directors, before being officially adopted by the society.

Mental health of women deprived of freedom in a unit in Paraná

2025-03-17T15:10:28-03:00

Objective: To evaluate the profile of women in prison and the prevalence of mental disorders among women deprived of liberty in a prison unit in Paraná. Methodology: Exploratory, explanatory, descriptive, cross-sectional and quantitative field research, carried out in a prison service in Paraná, with a non-probabilistic and convenience sample, totaling 79 women. This study was submitted to the Research Ethics Committee for analysis and approved, according to opinion 6,872,275. Results: There was a prevalence of women aged between 30 and 49 years, brown skin color (65.8%), without a partner (70.9%), with incomplete elementary education (55.7%) and mothers (84.8%). It was identified that, according to the inmates, 53.2% of the sample had some disease or disorder that required drug treatment. Among the most reported conditions, mental disorders (36.7%) and systemic arterial hypertension (26.2%) stand out. Among the mental disorders, these were classified as depressive in 12 women (63.2%) and anxious in another 7 (36.8%). When asked about receiving visits, 67.1% of them said yes, 36.7% said that these occur with an interval of 30 to 60 days. Regarding those who visit women deprived of liberty, the prevalence was observed to be mothers (36.7%), mothers and children (22.7%), children (3.9%), siblings (2.6%) and spouses (1.3%). Conclusion: A large part of the population evaluated is composed of young, brown women, single mothers and with low levels of education, implying a common profile, as described in the literature, tending to criminalize the socially disadvantaged. The conditions experienced in the prison environment contribute to causing fear, anxiety, loneliness and sadness, and conditions of greater vulnerability are more frequent among the female population.

Clinical and territorial profile of care in a psychiatric emergency

2024-03-08T12:08:45-03:00

Objective: to characterize the clinical and territorial profile of psychiatric emergency care in Ceará - Brazil. Methodology: quantitative observational study on psychiatric emergency care, over five years (2018 to 2022), linked to a hospital specializing in mental health, a reference for the entire state of Ceará. The data includes patients' sociodemographic information, such as age, gender, address, diagnosis and follow-up. Results: of the 91,555 registered consultations, corresponding to an average of 18,311 per year and 50.16 per day, the most prevalent ICD-10 diagnoses were: F20-F29 (schizophrenic and delusional disorders) and F30-F39 (mood disorders). Of these, only 11.7% (n=10,697) ended in psychiatric hospitalization. Regarding the hours of care, 55.71% (n=51,005) took place between 7 am and 5 pm, with times compatible with the operation of other services in the Psychosocial Care Network. The majority of consultations were from users who lived in the capital of Ceará, with only 22.9% (n=20,985) coming from all other municipalities in the state, corresponding to 3.0 consultations/1000 inhabitants. Furthermore, Regional VI of Fortaleza-Ceará, which corresponds to the same territory as the emergency analyzed, presented a number of visits relative to the general population enrolled (48.2 visits/1000 people) with values greater than double that of almost all other regions. Conclusion: these data demonstrate a situational diagnosis of a psychiatric emergency that is still centralized, in which the main demand for care is aimed at residents of the assigned area. Therefore, it is important to strengthen the attribute of regionalization and decentralization of mental health services so that patients from other areas have access to services according to their severity profile.

Treatment of vapes use in the adolescent population

2025-06-03T20:06:36-03:00

Introduction: The electronic cigarette/vape is an electronic nicotine delivery device, whose data on safe use are still limited. Users demonstrate concomitant use with conventional cigarettes and the increasingly frequent use by the adolescent population has generated concern. Objective: To conduct a systematic review to evaluate the best ways to treat nicotine dependence caused by the use of vapes in the adolescent population. Methodology: This is a systematic review of the literature carried out in the CAPES, MEDLINE, LILACS, SciELO, UPTODATE databases, prioritizing those with less than 10 years of publication, written in English, using the keywords: addiction, vapes/electronic cigarettes, adolescent. Results: Currently, the treatment is based on an extrapolation of the strategies used for the treatment of nicotine dependence in general. At the moment, motivational interviewing is indicated associated with cognitive-behavioral techniques as the first line and, if withdrawal symptoms are very intense, the association with nicotine replacement through nicotine patches or gums is suggested. Bupropion is considered second-line in the adolescent population and still needs more studies to support its use. Conclusion: It is concluded that there is still little scientific material published to guide the treatment, thus more studies are needed for the elaboration of guidelines.

From transsexualism to gender incongruity

2024-03-08T18:10:35-03:00

Objective: To contribute to the knowledge about the historical evolution of diagnostic classifications related to trans identities. Methods: This is an update article carried out through a bibliographic review of the editions of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD) and the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM), in addition to other scientific publications about the history and the evolution of diagnostic classifications regarding trans identities. Results: Trans identities have already been named in different ways in the manuals that determine the diagnostic criteria that make up medical nosology. In the DSM, there was a certain gradation: what was defined as “Transsexualism” initially became “Gender identity disorder” and, more recently, “Gender dysphoria”. In the ICD, the change was more direct: from “Transsexualism”, a category of a subgroup of psychiatric disorders known as “Sexual identity disorders”, to “Gender incongruence”, a category of a group not belonging to psychiatric disorders, named as “Conditions related to sexual health”. Conclusion: The depathologization of trans identities is part of the process of evolution of human knowledge that, in this way, contributes to overcoming old prejudices and discrimination related to this group.

Editorial

2024-07-09T20:38:58-03:00