Ciência Animal

Mandibular fistula due to apical injury resulting from fracture in a feline)

Nayara Saraiva ROCHA — 2025-03-31

Dental fractures in felines can have consequences on the periodontium and are a significant issue in the development of dental diseases, they cause pain and impair quality of life, health, and well-being. These lesions
must be treated urgently, and their identification is important for rapid diagnosis, minimizing future consequences and their extents when not identified in a timely manner. The objective of this study is to report the case of a 5- year-old female mixed-breed feline with a mandibular fistula, who had clinical signs for at least 3 years, with frequent medication use without response over the years. Surgical treatment and exclusion of differential
diagnoses were indicated.

Diagnosis of Extramedullary Plasmacytoma in the ear canal of a dog

Daniela Pinheiro de ARAÚJO — 2025-03-31

Plasmacytomas are neoplasms originating from plasma cells and can be local or generalized, especially when metastasis is evident. Their occurrence occurs as dome-shaped papules or nodules. Histologically, they are
characterized by a well-defined proliferation of round cells that are arranged in sheets, cords, trabeculae, or poorly defined nests, separated by a small amount of connective tissue. The objective of the present work is to
report the case of a male dog, weighing 9.3kg, approximately seven years old, domiciled, and not orchiectomized, which presented an ulcerated nodule on the right ear. The dog was referred to perform nodulectomy surgery for
extramedullary plasmacytoma and sent for histopathology, confirming the diagnosis of plasmacytoma.

Analysis / study of radiographic changes in wild birds attended ate the Sylvio Barbosa Cardoso Veterinary Hospital in the year 2023

Ada Maia CHAVES — 2025-03-31

Brazil is home to a wide variety of wild birds, whose role is vital for the balance of ecosystems. However, with the loss of natural habitat and various threats caused by human action, their population suffers harmful damage.
Unlike mammals, birds have an anatomical peculiarity, with the cortical of their long bones being thinner, making them more susceptible to fractures after trauma. Radiology is a very useful exam in these situations, as it is quick,
non-invasive, and an assertive tool, helping veterinarians in making decisions in the diagnosis of fractures, dislocations, and soft tissue disorders. During 2023, the radiology sector of the Sylvio Barbosa Cardoso Veterinary
Hospital of the State University of Ceará treated 40 wild birds, with Rupornis Magnirostris being the species with the largest number. According to the data collected, fractures were characterized as the most prevalent pathology
in the study, followed by changes in soft tissues and dislocation

Physiotherapy in pre and post-surgical monitoring for the rehabilitation of a dog submitted to tibial plateau leveling osteotomy

Nayana de Jesus Oliveira COLAÇO — 2025-03-31

Orthopedic conditions in dogs are common in physiotherapy care, such as cranial cruciate ligament insufficiency of the knee, with a degenerative or traumatic pathogenesis. The treatment of choice is surgery, with
tibial plateau leveling osteotomy being one of the most widely used techniques today. For a better patient recovery physiotherapy is recommended, both before and after the surgical procedure. A canine patient came to the veterinary clinic complaining of lameness and pain. After the clinical consultation, a radiographic
examination was requested, with a conclusive diagnosis of cranial cruciate ligament insufficiency. A physiotherapy protocol was initiated even before the surgical procedure and continued after the procedure.
Therefore, this study aimed to report the physiotherapy resources used for the rehabilitation of a canine patient submitted to tibial plateau leveling osteotomy. Twenty-five physiotherapy sessions were performed during
clinical follow-up, five sessions before and twenty after surgery. The patient obtained positive results in his rehabilitation process, responded positively to the therapies employed, returned to perform his daily activities,
and gained quality of life.

Challenges in the treatment of obesity in a cat

Camila Moura de LIMA — 2025-03-31

Feline obesity is considered a metabolic disorder most common in dogs and cats. The objective of this work is to report a case of primary obesity in a cat, highlighting the difficulties faced during treatment. A feline, female,
mixed breed, three years old and neutered, was treated at the Veterinary Clinics Hospital of the Federal University of Pelotas, complaining of weight gain. Additional tests were requested, such as blood count, serum
biochemistry, total T4 (thyroxine hormone), urinalysis and abdominal ultrasound, which showed no changes. After the evaluations, the diagnosis of obesity was established. Nutritional treatment with low-calorie
commercial food and the introduction of environmental enrichment were indicated. The difficulties encountered were the guardian's frustration regarding the costs and the long duration of the treatment. The patient reached her goal weight, with a clear improvement in well-being. Furthermore, environmental enrichment contributed to the patient's weight loss, as it increased physical activity, satiety and reduced stress.

Integrative review on experimental research in veterinary acupuncture in Brazil

Guilherme Augusto VIEIRA — 2025-03-31

Acupuncture is an ancient Chinese technique that consists of applying needles, connected to electrical current or not, drugs, water, ozone, stem cells, gold implants, or the application of heat through moxibustion to specific
points throughout the body, called acupoints. Along with Chinese herbal medicine, massage techniques and tai chi chuan, it forms Traditional Chinese Medicine, which is gaining increasing space in veterinary medicine,
where owners seek more holistic and natural treatments for their pets. The present study aimed to analyze, through an integrative literature review, how acupuncture has been the focus of experimental research in
Brazilian veterinary medicine. To this end, the CAPES journal platform was consulted, using “Acupuncture” and “Veterinary” as descriptors. Sixty-five titles were found, of which 19 were selected for the study and the rest
were discarded as they did not meet the inclusion criteria. Canines were the species most used in experimental research in veterinary acupuncture, followed by horses and rodents. Neuromuscular and orthopedic diseases
were the most cited pathologies. Acupuncture with dry needling and electroacupuncture were the main methods used in the research. In general, animals treated with the integration of acupuncture had better clinical recovery than those who received only allopathic treatments. The importance of research on acupuncture and other integrative medicines was highlighted, taking into account that the healing process involves animal well-being
as a whole. Moreover, an open approach to research and new paradigms should always be considered by the veterinarian.

Specific and non-specific factors that cause abortions in cattle

Mariana Farias da ROCHA — 2025-03-31

Abortion has a direct impact on the productivity and reproductive health of cattle. The main factors involved in
triggering abortions in cattle include specific factors such as: infections by pathogenic agents of bacterial, viral
or fungal origin. Also due to non-specific factors: nutritional deficiencies, heat stress, genetic and chromosomal
changes. All these factors play an important role in the occurrence of abortions in cattle. Most of these diseases
do not cause typical clinical signs and are only noticed when the fetus is expelled or after diagnosis. Some
reproductive clinical signs mainly involve abortion, but also uterine infections, prolonged anestrus and low
fertilization efficiency. Understanding and identifying these causes is essential to implement preventative measures
and management strategies aimed at reducing abortion rates and promoting the reproductive health of cattle
herds, thereby reducing economic losses. Therefore, this study aimed to provide a comprehensive view of the
causes of abortion in cattle, contributing to the elucidation of the causes and prevention of the problem, which
may lead to improvements in the reproduction/production relationship and animal welfare.

Nutritional consequences of inadequate management for the health of domestic Psitcatides

Alexsandra dos Anjos PEREIRA — 2025-03-31

Psittaciformes form an order of birds which include macaws, cockatoos, parrots, cockatiels, and parakeets. These
birds are easy to domesticate, as they are sociable and attractive, mainly due to their ability to vocalize human
sounds. Pscitacids have nutritional needs that are difficult to maintain in captivity, as energy expenditure is lower
than in the wild. In their natural habitat, they have a varied diet, being able to eat primarily fruits and seeds, as
well as other components. When in captivity, it is very common for these animals to suffer from nutritional
disorders due to access to human foods such as: bread, biscuits, rice, and coffee, causing their unbalanced diet,
and presenting a high level of fat, in addition to insufficient nutrients for their needs. The main disorders related
to healthy eating are obesity, hypovitaminosis A, secondary hyperparathyroidism, hemochromatosis, and hepatic
lipidosis. Diseases related to nutritional disorders present similar and complicated clinical signs, where often only
a clinical examination does not allow the diagnosis of which nutrients are lacking or in excess, requiring
laboratory tests to determine the cause of the problem. Treatment requires dietary readaptation with a low-fat
diet, followed by guidance on environmental enrichment aimed a promoting caloric expenditure. The objective of
this study was to describe the main nutritional disorders in birds of the Psittaciformes order.

Empathy as a moral component in the relationship with companion animals

Janderson Hiago Guimarães dos Santos RODRIGUES — 2025-03-31

Empathy is a concept intrinsic to human rights that presupposes feelings, social skills, self-esteem, and posture to individuals, making it plausible to use this assumption to analyze the human relationship with other animals. In this article, this subject will be discussed using a diversified bibliographic review, in which the most varied authors and conceptions of empathy are considered, whether as a concept or as a designation for contact with non-human animals. This article analyzes the interrelationship between humans and animals in a debate that aims to understand how these individuals nurture feelings and transmit them empathetically in any form of contact with non-human animals. This statement also brings the debate to morality, and has as its objectives, to reflect on the brief history of the concept of empathy, to understand in what way empathy acts as a moral component, and to discuss the concept in the light of the relationship of humans with non-human animals in the most different fields of science and philosophy, behind the aspects employed.

Different types of ejaculate contamination in domestic males

Carlos Diego de Souza RIBEIRO — 2025-03-31

Currently, the artificial insemination (AI) technique represents a predominant approach in reproducing several domestic species. Although there are excellent results reported in several species using this biotechnique, it is
known that to achieve success in AI programs it is essential that breeders produce doses of semen that maintain the quality and protection of sperm after ejaculation. Doses of semen considered of good quality must present,
among other characteristics, a volume suitable for the species in question and pass rigorous tests of sperm morphology, motility, and contamination. These criteria are crucial to guarantee the good reproductive
performance of animals. An obstacle often encountered during AI is the contamination of the ejaculate, therefore, it is extremely important to avoid any type of contamination during all stages of the process, from preparation for collection to the subsequent use of the semen in the biotechnique itself. Therefore, this literature review aims to provide a comprehensive view of the main sources of contamination of the ejaculate of domestic animals, namely:
bacterial contamination, viruses, chemical contamination, and contamination by handling error.

Food registration of brown brocket deer, in free life, using catuaí coffee fruits in the Alfenas/MG region

Aloysio Souza de MOURA — 2025-03-31

Catuai Amarelo type coffee is a variety obtained by crossing the cultivars Caturra Amarelo with Mundo Novo, and is currently widely cultivated in Brazil. Its main characteristics include low size and fruits with a yellow
exocarp. The brown brocket deer (Subulo gouazoubira) is the most abundant species of the Cervidae family in Brazil and is the most prevalent species in the Caatinga, however, it occurs in almost the entire national
territory, present in both forest areas and open formations. During a fauna study in a municipality in the south of Minas Gerais, southeastern Brazil, the use of Catuaí Amarelo type coffee fruits by this deer was noticed
through direct field observations (animal/focal method). This record probably indicates a new food item for the species, as this element had not yet been mentioned in the literature as food for this Cervidae, whose ecology is
little known.

Use of mastruz extract in the healing of skin wounds in wistar rats

Júlia Stéfany Caixeta da SILVA — 2025-03-31

The present study evaluated the effectiveness of using Mastruz (Chenopodium ambrosioides L) extract in the
treatment of induced skin wounds in Wistar rats. Fifteen healthy male rats were used, submitted to two incisions
on the back: Control Wound treated with 0.9% saline solution and Test Wound treated with Mastruz extract. The
animals were divided into three subgroups with five rats each: G3 biopsied at day 3, G7 at day 7, and G21 at day
21. The evaluation of the wounds was made from the macro and microscopic point of view in the predetermined
periods. After the biopsy, histological sections stained with Hematoxylin Rosin and Mason's Trichome were
performed. Regarding the presence of scabs, pruritus, secretion, and wound color, biological differences were
observed only on the 7th day between the Test Wound and the Control Wound. Regarding wound diameter, on the
7
th day there was a statistical difference between the Wound Initial Test and Final Test. Regarding the
histopathological analyses, it was observed that the inflammatory cells of the Control Wound on the 3rd and 7th
day were increased in relation to the Test Wound. As for fibroblasts and collagenization, there were no changes
between the wounds. There was a biological difference in the organization of collagen fibers between the 3rd, 7th
and 21st days. The Test Wound showed partial epithelialization on the 7th day, while both wounds showed complete
epithelialization on the 21st day. Therefore, it was concluded that the use of mastruz extract showed effectiveness
in suppressing the inflammatory response with reduction of wound diameter until the 7th day. However, it did not
result in reduced healing time after that period.

Electrocardiographic in ateles paniscus under sedation with midazolam-ketamine-dexmedetomidine

José Jones PEREIRA JUNIOR — 2025-03-31

The genus Ateles has representatives of some of the largest neotropical primate species. For the species Ateles
paniscus (spider monkey), currently classified at risk of extinction as endangered, electrocardiographic data
from six adult females are presented for the first time. Measurements and amplitudes of P and T waves, P-R and
Q-T intervals, QRS complex, and ST segment were obtained through chemical restraint with the combination
midazolam-ketamine-dexmedetomidine (MiCeDex). The T wave and Q-T interval data showed significance. In
16.6% (1/6) of the animals, there were signs suggestive of atrial enlargement. The adopted protocol
demonstrated safety in managing the animals under monitoring and also provided unprecedented results for the
genus and species, favoring the clinical approach.

Ascorbic acid in feeds for nile tilapia fryings

Judite Pereira Sousa MIRANDA — 2025-03-31

In fish farming, due to the various forms of fish confinement, natural food becomes scarce, requiring a nutritionally
complete and balanced feed. Vitamin C is a participant in several metabolic processes. Therefore, as fish do not
synthesize this vitamin, this study aimed to analyze the performance efficiency of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis
niloticus) fingerlings, supplemented with different levels of ascorbic acid. The experiment lasted 14 days of
cultivation, in a completely randomized design, with 5 treatments and 4 replications, in which 300 fry with an
initial weight of 2.4g were subjected. The experimental unit was represented by 15 fish in an aquarium of 50 liters.
The treatments consisted of experimental diets containing: 0, 50, 100, 150, and 200mg/kg of vitamin C (Ascorbic
acid monophosphate). The zootechnical performance variables of the fish were evaluated, which consisted of total
weight gain, daily weight gain, total feed intake, daily feed intake, apparent feed conversion, growth gain, daily
growth gain, specific growth rate, protein efficiency rate, and survival rate. Vitamin C supplementation at levels
of 50, 100, 150 and 200 compared to the control diet indicates that the addition of this vitamin to the feed did not
interfere with the zootechnical performance results in the cultivation of Nile tilapia fingerlings.

Evaluation of the cranial tibial reflex in bitches, before and after epidural block

Eduardo Alberto TUDURY — 2025-03-31

Spinal reflex testing is essential to verify the existence of lower or upper motor neuron lesions and their
location in the nervous system. It was verified in cats that the so-called cranial tibial reflex is a pseudo-reflex,
with a purely muscular response. The objective of this work was to test the cranial tibial reflex in bitches,
before and after epidural block, to determine if it depends on a myotatic reflex arc. We used 40 knees of 20
healthy female dogs, aged up to 5 years and without distinction of breed, submitted to epidural anesthesia for
elective ovariohysterectomy. An evaluation and comparison of the responses of the patellar and flexor reflexes
of the hind limbs, perineal, nociception and of the cranial tibial reflex were carried out before and after the
epidural block, using a scoring scale that showed whether the response was absent, decreased, normal, or
increased. While the other reflexes and nociception disappeared after this anesthesia, the cranial tibial
remained, as it is not a true reflex-arc-dependent myotatic reflex. It was concluded after carrying out the tests
that the so-called tibial reflex described in dogs is a muscular response and not a true reflex, as already
mentioned in cats.